Ayyuka na Musamman

Bayanan ƙarshe

1“…An ba ni dukan iko a sama da kuma ƙasa. Saboda haka ku tafi, ku mai da dukan al’umman duniya su zama almajiraina, kuna yi musu baftisma a cikin sunan Uba, da na Ɗa, da na Ruhu Mai Tsarki, kuna kuma koya musu, su yi biyayya da duk abin da na umarce ku, kuma tabbatacce, ina tare da ku kullum, har ƙarshen zamani.” Mattiyu 28:18–20 (SRDK). “…Ku tafi cikin dukan duniya, ku yi wa’azin bishara ga dukan halitta.” Markus 16:15 (SRDK). “…Wannan shi ne abin da aka rubuta, cewa dole Kiristi yă sha wahala, a rana ta uku kuma yă tashi daga matattu. Kuma a cikin sunansa za a yi wa’azin tuba da gafarar zunubai, ga dukan ƙasashe. Za a kuwa fara daga Urushalima.” Luka 24:46–47 (SRDK). “…Salama tă kasance tare da ku! Kamar yadda Uba ya aiko ni, haka ni ma ina aikan ku.” Yohanna 20:21 (SRDK). “Amma ku za ku karɓi iko sa’ad da Ruhu Mai Tsarki ya sauka a kanku; za ku kuma zama shaiduna cikin Urushalima, da kuma cikin dukan Yahudiya da Samariya, zuwa kuma iyakar duniya.” Ayyukan Manzanni 1:8 (SRDK). “Za a kuma yi wa’azin wannan bisharar mulki a cikin dukan duniya, yă zama shaida ga dukan al’ummai, sa’an nan ƙarshen yă zo.” Mattiyu 24:14 (SRDK). “Sai almajiran suka fita, suka yi wa’azi ko’ina. Ubangiji kuwa ya yi aiki tare da su, ya tabbatar da maganarsa ta wurin alamu da suke biye da maganar.” Markus 16:20 (SRDK). “Kuma ta yaya za su yi wa’azi in ba an aike su ba? Kamar yadda yake a rubuce cewa, “Isowar masu kawo labari mai daɗi abu mai kyau ne ƙwarai!”” Romawa 10:15 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Manzanni sun yi mana wa’azin bishara daga Ubangiji Yesu Kiristi; Yesu Kiristi [ya yi haka] daga Allah. Saboda haka Allah ne ya aiko Kiristi, Kiristi kuma ya aiko manzanni. Dukan naɗe-naɗen nan biyu kuwa an yi su cikin tsari, bisa ga nufin Allah. Saboda haka, da suka karɓi umarninsu, suka kuma sami cikakken tabbaci ta wurin tashin Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi daga matattu, aka kuma kafa su cikin maganar Allah, da cikakken tabbaci na Ruhu Mai Tsarki, suka fita suna shelar cewa mulkin Allah ya yi kusa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Clement na Roma, Wasiƙa ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa, babi na 42, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

2“Ku yafa dukan kayan yaƙin da Allah yake bayarwa, don ku iya kāre kanku daga dabarun Shaiɗan. Gama ba da mutane da suke nama da jini ne muke yaƙi ba. Muna yaƙi ne da ikoki, da hukumomi, da masu mulkin duhu, da kuma a ikokin da suke cikin a sararin sama. Saboda haka sai ku yafa dukan kayan yaƙi na Allah, domin sa’ad da ranar mugun nan ta zo, ku iya yin tsayin daka, bayan kuma kuka gama kome, ku dāge.” Afisawa 6:11–13 (SRDK). “Ko da yake muna cikin duniya, ba ma yaƙi kamar yadda duniya take yi. Makaman da muke yaƙi da su, ba makamai na duniya ba ne. Sai dai na ikon Allah ne, masu rushe wuraren mafaka masu ƙarfi. Muna ka da masu gardama da kowane tunanin ɗaga kai da yake kafa kansa gāba da sanin Allah, muna kuma jan hankalin kowa ga bautar Kiristi…” 2 Korintiyawa 10:3–5 (SRDK). “Ta wurinsa aka halicci dukan abu, abubuwan da suke cikin sama da abubuwan da suke a duniya, waɗanda ake gani, da waɗanda ba a gani, ko kursiyoyi ko ikoki ko masu mulki ko hukumomi; an halicci dukan abu ta wurinsa da kuma dominsa ne…” Kolossiyawa 1:16 (SRDK). “Ina aikan ku kamar tumaki a cikin kyarketai. Saboda haka ku zama masu wayo kamar macizai, kuma marasa ɓarna kamar kurciyoyi.” Mattiyu 10:16 (SRDK). “Ka yi fama, kyakkyawar fama ta bangaskiya…” 1 Timoti 6:12 (SRDK). “Ka jure wa shan wahala tare da mu kamar soja mai kyau na Kiristi Yesu. Ba wanda yake aikin soja da zai sa kansa a sha’anin mutumin da ba ya aikin soja, domin yakan so yă gamshi wanda ya ɗauke shi soja.” 2 Timoti 2:3–4 (SRDK). “Kai, ko Mika’ilu babban shugaban mala’iku ma, sa’ad da yake mūsu da Iblis game da gawar Musa, bai yi garajen ɗora masa laifi da baƙar magana ba, sai dai ya ce, “Ubangiji yă tsawata maka!”” Yahuda 9 (SRDK). “Na san wani a cikin Kiristi wanda shekaru goma sha huɗu da suka wuce an ɗauke zuwa sama ta uku. Ko a cikin jiki ne, ko kuwa ba a cikin jiki ba, ni dai ban sani ba, Allah ne ya sani. Na kuma san cewa wannan mutum, ko a cikin jiki ne, ko kuma ba a cikin jiki ba, ni dai ban sani ba, amma Allah ne ya sani, an ɗauke shi ne zuwa aljanna. Ya ji waɗansu abubuwa waɗanda ba zai iya faɗarsu da kalmomi ba, abubuwan da ba a ba wa mutum damar faɗi.” 2 Korintiyawa 12:2–4 (SRDK). (Wannan yana nuna cewa duniyar ruhohi da sammai suna da fannoni masu yawa.) “Don kada in cika da girman kai saboda waɗannan mafifitan manyan wahayoyi…” 2 Korintiyawa 12:7 (SRDK). “Sammai, har da sama sammai, da duniya, da kome da yake cikinta na Ubangiji Allahnku ne.” Maimaitawar Shari’a 10:14 (SRDK). “Amma anya, Allah, za ka zauna a duniya? Sammai, har ma da saman sammai ba za tă iya riƙe ka ba, balle wannan haikalin da na gina!” 1 Sarakuna 8:27 (SRDK). “Kai kaɗai ne Ubangiji. Kai ka yi sammai, har ma da sama sammai, da dukan rundunar taurari…” Nehemiya 9:6 (SRDK). “Yabe shi, ku bisa sammai da kuma ku ruwan bisa sarari.” Zabura 148:4 (SRDK). “(Me ake nufin da “ya hau,” in ba cewa dā ya sauka can ƙarƙashin ƙasa ba? Shi wannan da ya sauka ɗin, shi ne kuma ya hau zuwa can sama, kai, gaba da sammai, don mulkinsa yă cika duniya gaba ɗaya.)” Afisawa 4:9–10 (SRDK). “Yabo ya tabbata ga Allah Uban Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi, wanda ya kawo mana kowace albarka ta ruhaniya daga sama…” Afisawa 1:3 (SRDK). “…da ya tā da Kiristi daga matattu, ya kuma sa ya zauna a hannun damansa a cikin mulkin samaniya. Yanzu yana mulki a kan dukan masu sarauta, da masu iko, da masu ƙarfi, da kuma masu mulki. Yana mulkin kome a wannan duniya, zai kuma yi mulkin duniya mai zuwa…” Afisawa 1:20–21 (SRDK). “Saboda haka, da yake muna da babban firist mai girma wanda ya ratsa sama, Yesu Ɗan Allah, bari mu riƙe bangaskiyan nan wadda muke shaidawa da ƙarfi.” Ibraniyawa 4:14 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Saboda haka ku kula, ku riƙa taruwa sau da yawa don ku yi godiya ga Allah, ku kuma bayyana yabonsa. Gama sa’ad da kuke taruwa a wuri ɗaya sau da yawa, ikokin Shaiɗan sukan rushe…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Ignatius na Antiyok, Zuwa ga Afisawa, babi na 13, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

3“Ubangiji ya ce wa Shaiɗan, “Daga ina ka fito?” Shaiɗan ya amsa wa Ubangiji ya ce, “Daga yawo a duniya ina kai da kawowa a cikinta.”” Ayuba 1:7 (SRDK). “Sai Shaiɗan ya bar Ubangiji, ya je ya sa wa Ayuba ƙuraje masu zafi a jikinsa daga tafin ƙafafunsa har zuwa kansa.” Ayuba 2:7 (SRDK). “Sai Shaiɗan ya tashi gāba da Isra’ila, ya zuga Dawuda ya ƙidaya Isra’ila.” 1 Tarihi 21:1 (SRDK). “Sa’an nan ya nuna mini Yoshuwa babban firist a tsaye a gaban mala’ikan Ubangiji, Shaiɗan kuma yana tsaye a damansa don yă tuhume shi.” Zakariya 3:1 (SRDK). “Sa’ad da bawan mutumin Allah ya farka ya kuma fita kashegari da sassafe, sai ga mayaƙa tare da dawakai da kekunan yaƙi sun kewaye birni. Sai bawan ya ce, “Ranka yă daɗe! Me za mu yi?” Sai annabin ya ce, “Kada ka ji tsoro, waɗanda suke tare da mu sun fi waɗanda suke tare da su.” Sa’an nan Elisha ya yi addu’a ya ce, “Ya Ubangiji, ka buɗe idanunsa yă gani!” Sai Ubangiji ya buɗe idanun bawan, ya duba, ya ga tuddai cike da dawakai da keken yaƙin wuta kewaye da Elisha.” 2 Sarakuna 6:15–17 (SRDK). “Sai Nebukadnezzar ya husata da Shadrak, Meshak da Abednego, sai al’amuransa a kansu ya canja. Sai ya umarta a ƙara zuga wutar har sau bakwai domin tă yi zafi fiye da yadda take a dā. Kuma ya umarci waɗansu ƙarfafan sojoji a cikin rundunarsa su daure Shadrak, Meshak da Abednego su jefa su cikin tanderun wutar. Waɗannan mutanen suna sanye da riguna, da wanduna, da rawani da waɗansu kayan sawa, aka daure su, aka jefa su cikin tanderun wuta. Sarki ya ba da umarnin da gaggawa kuma wutar ta yi zafi ƙwarai har harshen wutar ya kashe sojojin nan da suka ɗauki Shadrak, Meshak da Abednego, waɗannan mutane uku kuma a daure, suka fāɗa cikin tanderun wutar. Sai Sarki Nebukadnezzar ya miƙe tsaye, cike da mamaki ya tambayi mashawartansa, “Shin ba mutum uku ba ne muka daure muka jefa cikin wutar?” Suka amsa, “Tabbatacce haka yake ya sarki.” Sai ya ce, “Ku duba ina ganin mutum huɗu suna tafiya suna yawo a cikin wutar, a sake kuma babu abin da ya same su, na huɗun sai ka ce ɗan alloli.”” Daniyel 3:19–25 (SRDK). “Saboda haka sai sarki ya ba da umarni suka kuma kawo Daniyel suka jefa shi cikin ramin zakoki. Sarki ya ce wa Daniyel, “Bari Allahn nan wanda kake bauta masa kullum, yă cece ka!” Aka kawo dutsen aka rufe bakin ramin, sa’an nan sarki ya hatimce shi da zobensa da kuma zoban manyan mutanensa, don kada wani yă canja yanayin Daniyel. Sa’an nan sarki ya koma fadarsa ya kwana bai ci ba, kuma babu wata liyafar da aka kawo masa. Ya kuma kāsa barci. Gari yana wayewa, sai sarki ya tashi ya hanzarta zuwa ramin zakoki. Da ya yi kusa da ramin zakokin, sai ya kira Daniyel da muryar mai cike da damuwa ya ce, “Daniyel bawan Allah mai rai, ko Allahn nan naka wanda kake bauta wa kullum, ya iya cetonka daga zakoki?” Sai Daniyel ya amsa ya ce, “Ran sarki, yă daɗe! Allahna ya aiko da mala’ikansa, ya kuwa rufe bakunan zakoki. Ba su yi mini rauni ba, gama an same ni marar laifi ne a gabansa. Ban kuwa taɓa yin wani abu marar kyau a gabanka ba, ya sarki.”” Daniyel 6:16–22 (SRDK). “Sai ya ci gaba da cewa, “Kada ka ji tsoro, Daniyel. Gama tun daga ran da ka fara sa zuciya ga neman ganewa, ka kuma ƙasƙantar da kanka a gaban Allahnka, an ji addu’arka, amsar addu’arka ce ta kawo ni. Amma mai mulkin masarautar Farisa ya tsare ni har kwana ashirin da ɗaya. Sai da Mika’ilu, ɗaya daga cikin manya shugabanni, ya zo ya taimake ni, saboda an tsare ni a can tare da sarkin Farisa.” Daniyel 10:12–13 (SRDK). “Shaiɗan kuwa ya shiga Yahuda, wanda ake kira Iskariyot, ɗaya daga cikin Sha Biyun.” Luka 22:3 (SRDK). “Wata rana muna tafiya zuwa wurin yin addu’a, sai muka sadu da wata baranya mai ruhun aljani mai duba. Takan samo wa mutanenta kuɗi da yawa, duban da take yi. Wannan yarinya kuwa ta bi Bulus da kuma sauranmu, tana ihu tana cewa, “Waɗannan mutane bayin Allah Mafi Ɗaukaka ne, suna sanar da ku hanyar ceto.” Ta yi ta faɗin haka har kwanaki masu yawa. A ƙarshe Bulus ya damu ƙwarai sai ya juya ya ce wa aljanin, “A cikin sunan Yesu Kiristi na umarce ka, ka rabu da ita!” Nan take aljanin ya rabu da ita. Da iyayengijin baranyar suka ga hanyar samun kuɗinsu ta toshe, sai suka kama Bulus da Sila suka ja su zuwa cikin kasuwa don su fuskanci hukuma. Sai suka kawo su a gaban alƙalai suka ce, “Waɗannan Yahudawa ne, suna kuma birkitar mana da gari, ta wurin koyar da al’adun da ba daidai ba ne mu Romawa mu karɓa ko mu aikata.” Sai taron suka fāɗa wa Bulus da Sila gaba ɗaya, alƙalan kuwa suka yi umarni a tuɓe su a kuma yi musu dūka.” Ayyukan Manzanni 16:16–22 (SRDK). “Ku zama masu kamunkai, ku kuma zauna a faɗake. Abokin gābanku, Iblis yana kewayewa kamar zaki mai ruri, yana neman wanda zai cinye…” 1 Bitrus 5:8 (SRDK). “Aka kuwa yi yaƙi a sama. Mika’ilu da mala’ikunsa yaƙi macijin, maciji da mala’ikunsa su ma suka mai da martani. Amma macijin nan ba shi da isashen ƙarfi, har suka rasa matsayinsu a sama. Aka jefar da ƙaton jan macijin ƙasa, tsohon maciji nan da ake kira Iblis, ko Shaiɗan, wanda ya ɓad da dukan duniya. Aka jefar da shi ƙasa, tare da mala’ikunsa a duniya. Sa’an nan na ji babbar murya daga sama tana cewa, “Yanzu ceto da iko da mulkin Allahnmu, da kuma ikon Kiristinsa. Gama mai zargin ’yan’uwanmu, wanda yake zarginsu a gaban Allahnmu dare da rana, an jefar da shi ƙasa. Sun ci nasara a kansa ta wurin jinin Ɗan Ragon da ta wurin kalmar shaidarsu; ba su ƙaunaci rayukansu sosai har da za su ja da baya daga mutuwa. Saboda haka ku yi farin ciki, ku sammai, da ku da kuke zaune a cikinsu! Amma kaiton duniya da kuma teku, gama Iblis ya sauko gare ku! Ya cika da fushi, domin ya san cewa lokacinsa ya rage kaɗan.”” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 12:7–12 (SRDK). “Sai macijin ya yi fushi da macen ya kuma koma wajen sauran zuriyarta don yă yaƙe su waɗannan waɗanda suke biyayya da umarnan Allah suke kuma riƙe da shaidar Yesu.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 12:17 (SRDK). “Aka ba ta iko tă yaƙi tsarkaka tă kuma ci nasara a kansu. Aka kuma ba ta iko bisa kowace kabila, jama’a, harshe da kuma al’umma.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 13:7 (SRDK). ↩︎

4“Zai yiwu kursiyin da ya cika da lalaci yă haɗa kai da kai, wanda yake kawo azaba ta wurin abin da ya zartar? Sun yi ƙungiya tare a kan mai adalci suka yanke wa marar laifi hukuncin mutuwa.” Zabura 94:20–21 (SRDK). “Kaiton waɗanda suke kafa dokokin rashin gaskiya, waɗanda suke ba da ƙa’idodin danniya, don su hana matalauta hakkinsu su kuma ƙi yin shari’ar gaskiya a kan waɗanda suke zaluntar mutanena, suna ƙwace wa gwauraye dukiyarsu suna kuma yi wa marayu ƙwace.” Ishaya 10:1–2 (SRDK). “Sai Fir’auna ya ba da umarni wa mutanensa ya ce, “Duk yaron da yake namijin da haka haifa, dole ku jefa shi cikin kogi, amma ku bar yara mata su rayu.”” Fitowa 1:22 (SRDK). “Sai Haman ya ce wa Sarki Zerzes, “Akwai waɗansu mutanen da suke a warwatse, sun kuma bazu a cikin mutane cikin dukan lardunan masarautarka, waɗanda al’adunsu sun yi dabam da na dukan sauran mutane. Mutanen nan ba sa biyayya da dokokin sarki; ba zai yi wa sarki kyau a jure su ba. In ya gamshi sarki, bari a yi doka, don a hallaka su, zan kuma sa talenti dubu goma na azurfa a cikin ma’ajin fada saboda mutanen da suka aikata wannan sha’ani.”” Esta 3:8–9 (SRDK). “Aka aika ’yan-kada-tă-kwana da saƙoni zuwa dukan lardunan sarki da umarni a hallaka, a karkashe, a kuma kawar da dukan Yahudawa, manya da ƙanana, mata da yara, a kuma washe kayayyakinsu.” Esta 3:13 (SRDK). “Sai mai shela ya daga murya da ƙarfi ya ce, “Wannan shi ne abin da aka umarce ku ku yi, ya ku mutane da al’umma da kowane yare. Da zarar kuka ji karar ƙaho, da sarewa, da garaya da goge da molo da algaita da kowane irin kaɗe-kaɗe da bushe-bushe ku rusuna ku yi sujada ga wannan gunkin da sarki Nebukadnezzar ya kafa. Duk wanda bai rusuna ya yi sujada ba, nan take za a jefa shi a cikin tendarun wuta.”” Daniyel 3:4–6 (SRDK). “A kan haka, shugabannin nan uku da muƙaddasan nan suka yi ƙoƙari su sami wani laifi a kan Daniyel a yadda yake tafiyar da aikin shugabancinsa, amma ba su samu ba. Ba su same shi da wani laifin cin hanci ba, domin shi amintacce ne kuma babu wani aibi a kansa ko rashin kula. A ƙarshe waɗannan mutane suka ce; “Ba za mu taɓa samun wani laifin da za mu kama Daniyel da shi ba, sai dai ko abin ya shafi dokar Allahnsa.” Saboda haka shugabannin nan suka haɗu da muƙaddasan nan suka tafi wurin sarki a ƙungiyance suka ce, “Ya Sarki Dariyus, ranka yă daɗe! Shugabannin masarauta, da masu mulki, da muƙaddasai, da mashawarta da gwamnoni duk sun amince cewa sarki yă kafa doka yă kuma yi umarni cewa a cikin kwana talatin nan gaba duk wanda ya yi addu’a ga wani allah ko mutum, in ba a gare ka ba, ya sarki, jefa shi cikin kogon zakoki.” Daniyel 6:4–7 (SRDK). “Yahudawa dai suka nace suna cewa, “Mu fa muna da doka, kuma bisa ga dokar dole yă mutu domin ya mai da kansa Ɗan Allah.”” Yohanna 19:7 (SRDK). “Amma don a hana wannan abu daga ƙara bazuwa cikin mutane, dole mu kwaɓe mutanen nan kada su ƙara yi wa kowa magana cikin wannan suna.” Sai suka sāke kiransu ciki suka kuma umarce su kada su kuskura su yi magana ko su ƙara koyarwa a cikin sunan Yesu.” Ayyukan Manzanni 4:17–18 (SRDK). “Amma da ba su same su ba, sai suka ja Yason da waɗansu ’yan’uwa zuwa gaban mahukuntan birnin, suna ihu suna cewa, “Waɗannan mutanen da suke tā da fitina ko’ina a duniya sun iso nan, Yason kuwa ya karɓe su a gidansa. Dukansu suna karya dokokin Kaisar, suna cewa akwai wani sarki, wanda ake kira Yesu.”” Ayyukan Manzanni 17:6–7 (SRDK). “Gama, abin da bai taɓa faruwa ba a da, yanzu ana tsananta wa jama’ar masu ibada, ana korarsu a Asiya ta wurin sababbin dokoki. Gama masu kai ƙara marasa kunya da masu kwaɗayin dukiyar waɗansu, suna amfani da damar da dokokin suka ba su, suna yin fashi a fili dare da rana, suna washe waɗanda ba su yi wani laifi ba.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 1) Melito na Sardis, kamar yadda Eusebius ya kawo maganarsa, Tarihin Ikkilisiya 4.26.5, fassarar Arthur Cushman McGiffert, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 1, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1890). “Mene ne dalilin wannan hukunci? Don me ka hukunta wannan mutum, ba a matsayin mazinaci ba, ko fasiƙi, ko mai kisankai, ko ɓarawo, ko ɗan fashi, ko wanda aka tabbatar da wani laifi a kansa ko kaɗan ba, sai dai wanda ya furta kawai cewa ana kiransa da sunan Kirista?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Justin Mashaidi, Kariya ta Biyu, babi na 2, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Tana hana a neme su a matsayin marasa laifi, tana kuma umarta a hukunta su a matsayin masu laifi.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, Kariya, babi na 2, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

5Ayoyin da suke biye suna nuna lokacin da ake amfani da doka don manufa ta adalci, don a kare rayukan marasa laifi, da kuma kariya daga satar dukiya da waɗansu ayyukan rashin bin doka da suke cutar da waɗansu mutane ko suke kawo rashin kwanciyar hankali da rashin tsaro a rayuwar ’yan ƙasa. Wannan ya bambanta da lokacin da ake amfani da doka a matsayin makami gaba da jama’a, don a ƙara wa masu mulki kiba a kan kuɗin ’yan ƙasa, don a zalunci ’yan ƙasa a kuma ƙwace musu hakkokin da Allah ya ba su, har ya kai ga bautar da ’yan ƙasa gaba ɗaya don amfanin ’yan kaɗan waɗanda suke kiran allahn wannan duniya maigida (“Allahn zamanin nan ya makanta hankulan marasa ba da gaskiya…” 2 Korintiyawa 4:4 (SRDK)). “Gama masu mulki ba abin tsoro ba ne ga waɗanda suke yin abin da yake daidai, sai dai ga waɗanda suke aikata laifi. Kana so ka rabu da jin tsoron wanda yake mulki? To, sai ka aikata abin da yake daidai, zai kuwa yabe ka. Gama shi bawan Allah ne don kyautata rayuwarka. Amma in ka aikata mugunta, to, sai ka ji tsoro, don ba a banza ne shugaba yake ɗaukan takobinsa ba. Shi fa bawan Allah ne, ta wurinsa ne fushin Allah yakan hukunta masu laifi.” Romawa 13:3–4 (SRDK). “Saboda Ubangiji, ku yi biyayya ga kowace hukumar da aka kafa cikin mutane, ko ga sarki, a matsayi wanda ya fi iko, ko ga gwamnoni, waɗanda ya aika domin su hukunta masu laifi su kuma yabi masu aikata abin da yake daidai.” 1 Bitrus 2:13–14 (SRDK). “Da farko dai, ina gargaɗe ku cewa a yi roƙe-roƙe, ana addu’o’i, ana yin addu’a a madadin waɗansu da kuma a yi godiya saboda kowane mutum da sarakuna da dukan masu mulki, domin mu zauna lafiya, rai kuma kwance, muna bin Allah sosai a cikin natsuwa.” 1 Timoti 2:1–2 (SRDK). “Ku naɗa alƙalai da shugabanni don kowace kabila, a kowane birnin da Ubangiji Allahnku yake ba ku, za su kuma shari’anta mutane ba nuna bambanci. Kada ku ɓata shari’a, ko ku nuna bambanci. Kada ku karɓi cin hanci, gama cin hanci yakan makanta idanu mai hikima, yă murɗe maganar mai gaskiya. Gaskiya ce kaɗai za ku bi don ku rayu, ku kuma mallaki ƙasar da Ubangiji Allahnku yake ba ku.” Maimaitawar Shari’a 16:18–20 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Saboda haka, Allah ne ya kafa mulkin duniya don amfanin al’ummai, ba Iblis ba, wanda ba ya hutawa ko kaɗan, kai, wanda ba ya so ya ga ko al’ummai ma suna zaman natsuwa, domin a ƙarƙashin tsoron mulkin ’yan adam, mutane kada su cinye juna kamar kifaye; amma ta wurin kafa dokoki, su danne yawan mugunta a cikin al’ummai.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Irenaeus na Lyon, Martani ga Koyarwar Ƙarya 5.24.2, fassarar Alexander Roberts da William Rambaut, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Gama ƙarfin hali, wanda a yaƙi yake kare ƙasar mutum daga baƙaƙen mahara, ko a gida yake kare raunana, ko abokai daga ’yan fashi, cike yake da adalci…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 10) Ambrose na Milan, A kan Hakkokin Masu Hidimar Ikkilisiya 1.27.129, fassarar H. de Romestin, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 10, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1896). ↩︎

6“Ku yi hankali da annabawan ƙarya. Sukan zo muku da kamannin tumaki, amma daga ciki mugayen kyarketai ne.” Mattiyu 7:15 (SRDK). “…annabawan ƙarya da yawa za su firfito su kuma ruɗi mutane da yawa.” Mattiyu 24:11 (SRDK). “Gama Kiristi masu yawa na ƙarya, da annabawan ƙarya za su firfito, su kuma aikata manyan alamu da ayyukan banmamaki don su ruɗi har da zaɓaɓɓu ma in zai yiwu.” Mattiyu 24:24 (SRDK). “Ina mamaki yadda kuka yi saurin yashe wanda ya kira ku ta wurin alherin Kiristi, kuna juyewa ga wata bishara dabam wadda a gaskiya ba bishara ba ce ko kaɗan. Tabbatacce waɗansu mutane suna birkitar da ku, suna kuma ƙoƙari su karkatar da bisharar Kiristi. Amma ko mu, ko mala’ika daga sama ya yi wa’azin wata bishara dabam da wadda muka yi muku, bari yă zama la’ananne har abada!” Galatiyawa 1:6–8 (SRDK). “Gama in wani ya zo wurinku yana wa’azin wani Yesu dabam da wanda muka yi wa’azinsa, ko kuma in kun karɓi wani ruhu dabam da wanda kuka karɓa, ko wata bishara dabam da wadda kuka karɓa, ya nuna kun yarda da su ke nan cikin sauƙinkai.” 2 Korintiyawa 11:4 (SRDK). “Gama irin waɗannan mutane manzannin ƙarya ne, ma’aikata ne masu ruɗi, sun ɓad da kamanni kamar su manzannin Kiristi ne. Ba abin mamaki ba ne, gama Shaiɗan kansa ma yana ɓad da kamanni kamar shi mala’ikan haske ne. Don haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne, in bayin Shaiɗan sun ɓad da kamanni kamar su bayin adalci ne. A ƙarshe, za a sāka musu gwargwadon ayyukansu.” 2 Korintiyawa 11:13–15 (SRDK). “Na san cewa bayan na tafi, mugayen kyarketai za su shigo cikinku ba za su kuwa ƙyale garken ba. Ko cikinku ma mutane za su taso su karkatar da gaskiya don su jawo wa kansu almajirai.” Ayyukan Manzanni 20:29–30 (SRDK). “Amma a dā akwai annabawan ƙarya a cikin mutane, kamar yadda za a sami malaman ƙarya a cikinku. A ɓoye za su shigar da karkataccen koyarwa mai hallaka, har ma su yi mūsun Ubangiji mai iko duka wanda ya saye su suna kawo wa kansu hallaka farat ɗaya.” 2 Bitrus 2:1 (SRDK). “Abokaina ƙaunatattu, ba kowane ruhu za ku gaskata ba, sai dai ku gwada ruhohi don ku ga ko daga Allah ne, domin annabawan ƙarya da yawa sun fito duniya.” 1 Yohanna 4:1 (SRDK). “Gama lokaci yana zuwa da mutane ba za su jure da sahihiyar koyarwa ba. A maimako, don cimma burinsu, za su taro wa kansu malamai masu yawa, domin su faɗi abin da kunnuwansu masu ƙaiƙayi suke so su ji. Za su juye kunnuwansu daga gaskiya zuwa ga jin tatsuniyoyi.” 2 Timoti 4:3–4 (SRDK). “Na san ayyukanka, faman aikinka da daurewarka. Na san cewa ba ka iya haƙuri da mugayen mutane, ka gwada waɗanda suke cewa su manzanni ne, alhali kuwa ba haka ba ne, ka kuwa tarar cewa su na ƙarya ne…” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:2 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Amma ba kowane mai magana cikin Ruhu ne annabi ba; sai dai idan yana bin hanyoyin Ubangiji. Saboda haka ta wurin hanyoyinsu ne za a gane annabin ƙarya da annabi.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 7) Didache, babi na 11, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 7 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). ↩︎

7“Ruhu a sarari ya faɗa cewa a kwanakin ƙarshe waɗansu za su watsar da bangaskiya su bi ruhohi masu ruɗu da kuma abubuwan da aljanu suke koyarwa. Irin koyarwan nan tana zuwa ne daga waɗansu munafukai maƙaryata, waɗanda aka yi wa lamirinsu kaca-kaca…” 1 Timoti 4:1–2 (SRDK). “Ka gargaɗe mutumin da yake kawo tsattsaguwa sau ɗaya, ka kuma gargaɗe shi sau na biyu. Bayan haka, kada wani abu yă haɗa ka da shi. Ka dai san cewa irin mutumin nan ya taurare kuma mai zunubi ne; ya yanke wa kansa hukunci.” Titus 3:10–11 (SRDK). “Ina roƙonku, ’yan’uwa, ku yi hankali fa da masu raba tsakani, saɓanin koyarwar da kuka koya, suna sa tuntuɓe. Ku yi nesa da su. Gama irin waɗannan mutane ba sa bautar Ubangijinmu Kiristi, sai dai cikinsu. Ta wurin yaudara da kuma daɗin baki, suna ruɗin marasa wayo.” Romawa 16:17–18 (SRDK). “Abokaina ƙaunatattu, ko da yake na yi marmari ƙwarai in rubuta muku game da ceton nan namu, sai na ga ya dace in rubuta, in gargaɗe ku ku tsaya da ƙarfi cikin bangaskiya wadda aka danƙa wa mutane masu tsarki na Allah sau ɗaya tak.” Yahuda 3 (SRDK). “Saboda haka ina gaya muku, za a gafarta wa mutane kowane zunubi da kuma saɓo, amma saɓo game da Ruhu, ba za a gafarta ba.” Mattiyu 12:31 (SRDK). “Aka ba wa dabbar baki don ta faɗi kalmomin girman kai da na saɓo ta kuma yi amfani da ikonta har watanni arba’in da biyu. Ta buɗe bakinta don tă yi wa Allah saɓo, ta kuma ɓata sunansa da kuma mazauninsa da na waɗanda suke zama a sama.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 13:5–6 (SRDK). “Saboda haka ni, duk da haka ba ni ba, sai dai ƙaunar Yesu Kiristi, ina roƙonku ku ci abincin Kirista kaɗai, ku kuma guji ciyawa ta wani iri dabam; ina nufin koyarwar ƙarya. Gama waɗannan [da suka ba da kansu ga wannan] suna gauraya Yesu Kiristi da dafinsu, suna faɗin abubuwan da ba su cancanci a gaskata ba, kamar waɗanda suke ba da guba mai kisa a cikin ruwan inabi mai daɗi, wanda wanda bai sani ba yakan sha da kwaɗayi, da jin daɗi mai kisa da yake kai shi ga mutuwarsa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Ignatius na Antiyok, Zuwa ga Tralliyawa, babi na 6, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Hakika, ba a taɓa gabatar da kuskure cikin munin tsiraicinsa ba, don kada, idan aka bayyana shi haka, a gane shi nan da nan.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Irenaeus na Lyon, Martani ga Koyarwar Ƙarya 1, gabatarwa, sashe na 2, fassarar Alexander Roberts da William Rambaut, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

8“Masu albarka ne waɗanda ake tsananta musu don gani an yi adalci, gama mulkin sama nasu ne. “Masu albarka ne ku, sa’ad da mutane suke zaginku, suna tsananta muku, suna kuma faɗin kowace irin muguwar magana a kanku saboda ni. Ku yi murna ku kuma yi farin ciki, domin ladarku mai yawa ne a sama, gama haka suka tsananta wa annabawan da suka riga ku.” Mattiyu 5:10–12 (SRDK). “Dukan mutane za su ƙi ku saboda ni, amma wanda ya jure har ƙarshe zai sami ceto.” Mattiyu 10:22 (SRDK). “Ku tuna da kalmomin da na yi muku cewa, ‘Ba bawan da ya fi maigidansa,’ In sun tsananta mini, ku ma za su tsananta muku. Da sun yi biyayya da koyarwata, da za su yi biyayya da taku ma.” Yohanna 15:20 (SRDK). “Za su kore ku daga majami’a; lalle, lokaci yana zuwa da duk wanda ya kashe ku, zai ɗauka yana yin wa Allah hidima ne.” Yohanna 16:2 (SRDK). “Yayinda suke cikin jifansa, sai Istifanus ya yi addu’a ya ce, “Ubangiji Yesu, ka karɓi ruhuna.” Sa’an nan ya durƙusa ya ɗaga murya ya ce, “Ubangiji, kada ka riƙe wannan zunubi a kansu.” Da ya faɗi haka, sai ya yi barci.” Ayyukan Manzanni 7:59–60 (SRDK). “Kusan a wannan lokaci ne Sarki Hiridus ya kama waɗansu da suke na ikkilisiya, da niyya ya tsananta musu. Ya sa aka kashe Yaƙub, ɗan’uwan Yohanna, da takobi.” Ayyukan Manzanni 12:1–2 (SRDK). “Waɗansu suka sha ba’a da bulala, har da dauri da sarƙa, da kuma jefa su cikin kurkuku. Aka jajjefe su da duwatsu; aka raba su biyu da zarto; aka kashe su da takobi. Suka yi ta yawo saye da fatun tumaki da na awaki, suka yi zaman rashi, suka sha tsanani da kuma wulaƙanci…” Ibraniyawa 11:36–37 (SRDK). “Labudda, duk masu niyyar zaman tsarkaka, suna na Kiristi Yesu, za su sha tsanani.” 2 Timoti 3:12 (SRDK). “Kada ka ji tsoron wahalar da kake gab da sha. Ina gaya maka, Iblis zai sa waɗansunku a kurkuku don yă gwada ku. Za ku sha tsanani na kwana goma. Ka yi aminci ko da za a kashe ka, ni kuwa zan ba ka rawanin rai.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:10 (SRDK). “Sa’ad da ya buɗe hatimi na biyar, sai na ga a ƙarƙashin bagaden rayukan waɗanda aka kashe saboda maganar Allah da kuma shaidar da suka yi…” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 6:9 (SRDK). “Sun ci nasara a kansa ta wurin jinin Ɗan Ragon da ta wurin kalmar shaidarsu; ba su ƙaunaci rayukansu sosai har da za su ja da baya daga mutuwa.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 12:11 (SRDK). “…A kai Kiristoci wurin zaki!” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, Kariya, babi na 40, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Sau da yawa da kuke girbe mu, haka muke ƙara yawa; jinin Kiristoci iri ne.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, Kariya, babi na 50, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

9“To, maciji dai ya fi kowane a cikin namun jejin da Ubangiji Allah ya yi wayo. Ya ce wa macen, “Tabbatacce ne Allah ya ce, ‘Kada ku ci daga kowane itace a lambu’?”” Farawa 3:1 (SRDK). “Sai dai ina tsoro kada yă zama, kamar yadda maciji ya yaudari Hawwa’u da makircinsa, ku ma a bauɗar da hankalinku daga sahihiyar biyayya amintacciya ga Kiristi.” 2 Korintiyawa 11:3 (SRDK). “Ba abin mamaki ba ne, gama Shaiɗan kansa ma yana ɓad da kamanni kamar shi mala’ikan haske ne.” 2 Korintiyawa 11:14 (SRDK). “Saboda haka kashegari, mutane suka tashi da sassafe suka miƙa hadaya ta ƙonawa, da hadaya ta salama. Bayan haka suka zauna suka ci, suka sha, suka kuma tashi suka yi rawa.” Fitowa 32:6 (SRDK). “Kada ku zama masu bautar gumaka, yadda waɗansunsu suka zama; kamar yadda yake a rubuce cewa, “Mutanen suka zauna don su ci su kuma sha, suka kuma tashi suka shiga rawa ta rashin kunya.”” 1 Korintiyawa 10:7 (SRDK). “Lokacin da Isra’ila suke a sansani a Shittim, sai maza suka fara yin lalata da matan Mowabawa, waɗanda suka gayyace su zuwa wajen hadayu na allolinsu. Mutane suka ci suka kuma yi wa waɗannan alloli sujada.” Ƙidaya 25:1–2 (SRDK). “Duk da haka, ina da abubuwa kima game da kai. Kana da mutane a can waɗanda suke riƙe da koyarwar Bala’am, wanda ya koya wa Balak yă ja hankalin Isra’ilawa su yi zunubi ta wurin cin abincin da aka miƙa wa gumaka hadaya, su kuma yi fasikanci.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:14 (SRDK). “A bikin tuna da ranar haihuwar Hiridus, diyar Hiridiyas ta yi musu rawa ta kuma gamsar da Hiridus ƙwarai, har ya yi alkawari da rantsuwa cewa zai ba ta duk abin da ta roƙa. Da mahaifiyarta ta zuga ta, sai ta ce, “Ba ni a cikin kwanon nan, kan Yohanna Mai Baftisma.” Sarki ya yi baƙin ciki, amma saboda rantsuwarsa da kuma baƙinsa, sai ya ba da umarni a ba ta abin da ta roƙa ya kuma sa aka yanke kan Yohanna a kurkuku.” Mattiyu 14:6–10 (SRDK). “…an kafa su ne gaba ɗaya saboda Iblis…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, Wasannin Kallo, ko De Spectaculis, babi na 24, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Da farko gidan wasan kwaikwayo haikalin Venus ne a zahiri…” “Waɗannan mugayen ruhohi biyu sun yi rantsuwar haɗa kai da juna, a matsayin masu ɗaukar nauyin buguwa da sha’awa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, De Spectaculis, babi na 10, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “…ainihin mazaunin rashin kunya…” inda “ba abin da yake da daraja sai abin da a wani wuri yake abin kunya.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 3) Tertullian, De Spectaculis, babi na 17, fassarar S. Thelwall, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 3 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Wasannin kwaikwayo kuma sun janye ni, cike da hotunan baƙin cikina da kuma itacen wutata. Don me mutum yake so a sa shi baƙin ciki sa’ad da yake kallon abubuwan baƙin ciki da masifa, waɗanda shi kansa ba zai so ya sha ba ko kaɗan?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF1 1) Augustine, Ikirari 3.2.2, fassarar J. G. Pilkington, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 1, juzu’i na 1, ed. Philip Schaff (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “…waɗansu mutane sun bar mu, suka yashe mu saboda kallon tseren dawakai…” “…a matsayin fursunan Iblis aka ja ka zuwa wannan kallo?” “…Iblis yana azabtar da wannan garke…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na Mark Vermes) John Chrysostom, Gaba da Tseren Dawakai da Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo (Contra ludos et theatra), fassarar Mark Vermes (2012), an sake shi zuwa mallakar jama’a, The Tertullian Project, tertullian.org. A Majalisar Elvira “an yanke shawara cewa za a iya yi wa ’yan wasan kwaikwayo baftisma, amma sai bisa sharaɗin cewa za su bar irin wannan rayuwa,” kuma a Majalisar Arles (314) “an ayyana theatrici da agitatores (’yan wasan kwaikwayo da masu tuƙa karusai a wasanni) a matsayin waɗanda aka fitar daga zumunci.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci) Herbert Thurston, “Theatre,” cikin The Catholic Encyclopedia, juzu’i na 14 (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912). “Ikon fim yana cikin wannan, cewa yana magana ta wurin hotuna masu rai da na zahiri.” “Su hanyoyi ne na zunubi; suna yaudarar matasa zuwa hanyoyin mugunta ta wurin ɗaukaka sha’awace-sha’awace.” “…fim kada ya ƙara zama makarantar lalacewa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci) Fafaroma Pius XI, Vigilanti Cura, wasiƙar fafaroma game da fina-finai, 29 ga Yuni, 1936 (Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana), vatican.va. ↩︎

10Idanun Bitrus a kan Kiristi, sa’an nan a kan Hadari“Sai Bitrus ya amsa ya ce, “Ubangiji in kai ne ka ce mini in zo wurinka a kan ruwan.” Ya ce, “Zo.” Sai Bitrus ya fita daga jirgin ruwan, ya taka a kan ruwan ya nufe wajen Yesu. Amma da ya ga haukar iskar, sai ya ji tsoro, ya kuma fara nutsewa, sai ya yi ihu ya ce, “Ubangiji, ka cece ni!” Nan da nan Yesu ya miƙa hannu ya kamo shi ya ce, “Kai mai ƙarancin bangaskiya, don me ka yi shakka?”” Mattiyu 14:28–31 (SRDK). “Saboda haka, da yake muna kewaye da irin wannan taron shaidu mai girma, sai mu yar da duk abin da yake hana mu da kuma zunubin da yake saurin daure mu, mu kuma yi tseren da aka sa a gabanmu da nacewa. Bari mu kafa idanunmu a kan Yesu, tushe da kuma kammalar bangaskiyarmu, wanda ya jure kunyar gicciye da aka yi masa, domin ya san cewa daga baya zai yi farin ciki ya yi haka. Yanzu kuma yana zaune a hannun dama na kursiyin Allah.” Ibraniyawa 12:1–2 (SRDK).Bulus game da Son Duniya da Gicciye“Gama kamar yadda na sha gaya muku yanzu kuma ina sāke gaya muku har ma da hawaye, waɗansu da yawa suna rayuwa kamar abokan gāban gicciyen Kiristi. Ƙaddararsu hallaka ce, allahnsu cikinsu ne, rashin kunyarsu shi ne abin fahariyarsu. Hankalinsu yana kan kayan duniya.” Filibbiyawa 3:18–19 (SRDK). “’Yan’uwa, ban ɗauki kaina a kan cewa na riga na sami abin ba. Sai dai abu guda nake yi. Ina mantawa da abin da yake baya, ina kuma nacewa zuwa ga samun abin da yake gaba, ina nacewa gaba zuwa ga manufar, don in sami ladar da Allah ya yi mini na kiran nan zuwa sama a cikin Kiristi Yesu.” Filibbiyawa 3:13–14 (SRDK). “Kada in taɓa yin taƙama ga kome sai dai a cikin gicciyen Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi, wanda ta wurinsa aka gicciye duniya a gare ni, aka kuma gicciye ni ga duniya.” Galatiyawa 6:14 (SRDK). “Don na ƙudura a raina sa’ad da nake tare da ku cewa ba zan mai da hankali ga kome ba sai dai Yesu Kiristi wanda aka gicciye.” 1 Korintiyawa 2:2 (SRDK). “Da yake an tashe ku tare da Kiristi, sai ku sa zukatanku a kan abubuwan da suke sama, inda Kiristi yake zaune a hannun dama na Allah. Ku sa hankulanku a kan abubuwan sama, ba kan abubuwan duniya ba.” Kolossiyawa 3:1–2 (SRDK). “Kada ku ci gaba da yin abin da duniya take yi, sai dai ku bar halinku ya sāke, ta wurin sabunta hankalinku ɗungum, don ku tabbatar da abin da Allah yake so yake, abu mai kyau, mai daɗi da kuma cikakke.” Romawa 12:2 (SRDK). “Domin ba abubuwan da ido yake gani ne muke dubawa ba, sai dai marasa ganuwa. Gama abubuwan da ake gani masu saurin wucewa ne, marasa ganuwa kuwa, madawwama ne.” 2 Korintiyawa 4:18 (SRDK). “…gama Demas, saboda ƙaunar wannan duniya, ya yashe ni…” 2 Timoti 4:10 (SRDK). “Ba wanda yake aikin soja da zai sa kansa a sha’anin mutumin da ba ya aikin soja, domin yakan so yă gamshi wanda ya ɗauke shi soja.” 2 Timoti 2:4 (SRDK). “…don kada Shaiɗan yă rinjaye mu. Da yake muna sane da dabarunsa.” 2 Korintiyawa 2:11 (SRDK).Yohanna da Yaƙub game da Ƙaunar Duniya“Kada ku ƙaunaci duniya, ko wani abin da yake cikinta. In wani yana ƙaunar duniya, ƙaunar Uba ba ta cikinsa. Gama duk abin da yake na duniya, kamar sha’awace-sha’awacen mutuntaka, sha’awar idanunsa, da kuma taƙama da abin da yake da shi, yake kuma yi, ba daga wurin Uba suke fitowa ba sai dai daga duniya. Duniya da sha’awace-sha’awacenta suna shuɗewa, amma mutumin da yake aikata nufin Allah, zai rayu har abada.” 1 Yohanna 2:15–17 (SRDK). “Ku mazinata, ba ku san cewa abokantaka da duniya gāba ce da Allah ba? Duk wanda ya zaɓa yă zama abokin duniya ya zama abokin gāban Allah ke nan.” Yaƙub 4:4 (SRDK).Gargaɗin Kiristi“…Rabu da ni, Shaiɗan! Kai abin sa tuntuɓe ne a gare ni; ba ka tunanin al’amuran Allah, sai dai al’amuran mutane.” Mattiyu 16:23 (SRDK). “Kada ku yi wa kanku ajiyar dukiya a duniya, inda asu da tsatsa suke ɓatawa, inda kuma ɓarayi sukan fasa, su yi sata. Amma ku yi wa kanku ajiyar dukiya a sama, inda ba tsatsa da asu da za su ɓata su, inda kuma ba ɓarayin da za su fasa, su yi sata. Gama inda dukiyarka take, a nan ne fa zuciyarka za tă kasance.” Mattiyu 6:19–21 (SRDK). “Ba mai iya bauta wa iyayengiji biyu. Ko dai yă ƙi ɗaya, yă ƙaunaci ɗaya, ko kuwa yă yi aminci ga ɗaya, sa’an nan yă rena ɗayan. Ba dama ku bauta wa Allah, ku kuma bauta wa kuɗi gaba ɗaya.” Mattiyu 6:24 (SRDK). “Da farko dai, ku nemi mulkin Allah da kuma adalcinsa, za a kuwa ba ku dukan waɗannan abubuwa.” Mattiyu 6:33 (SRDK). “Wanda ya karɓi irin da ya fāɗi cikin ƙaya kuwa, shi ne mutumin da yakan ji maganar, sai dai damuwoyin rayuwan nan da jarrabar arzikin duniya sukan shaƙe shi, yă sa maganar ta kāsa amfani.” Mattiyu 13:22 (SRDK). “Irin da suka fāɗi a cikin ƙaya kuwa, su ne mutanen da suka ji, amma a kwana a tashi, tunanin kayan duniya, da neman arziki, da son jin daɗi, sukan hana su ba da ’ya’ya.” Luka 8:14 (SRDK). “Ku lura fa don kada son jin daɗi na banza, da shaye-shaye, da damuwa na rayuwa su rinjayi zuciyarku, har ranar ta auko muku ba tsammani kamar tarko.” Luka 21:34 (SRDK). “…Marta, Marta, hankalinki ya tashi, kuma kina damuwa a kan abubuwa da yawa. Amma abu ɗaya tak ake bukata, Maryamu ta zaɓi abin da ya fi kyau, kuma ba za a raba ta da shi ba.” Luka 10:41–42 (SRDK). “Gama a kwanaki kafin ruwan tsufana, mutane sun yi ta ci, sun kuma yi ta sha, suna aure, suna kuma aurarwa, har zuwa ranar da Nuhu ya shiga jirgi; ba su kuwa san abin da yake faruwa ba sai da ruwan tsufana ya zo ya share su tas. Haka zai zama a dawowar Ɗan Mutum.” Mattiyu 24:38–39 (SRDK). “…Babu wani da yakan sa hannunsa a garman shanu, sa’an nan ya waiwaya baya, da ya isa ya shiga hidima a cikin mulkin Allah ba.” Luka 9:62 (SRDK). “Amma sai dukansu suka fara ba da hujjoji. Na farkon ya ce, ‘Na sayi gona yanzun nan, dole in je in ga yadda take, ina roƙonka ka yi mini haƙuri.’ “Wani ya ce, ‘Na sayi shanun noma guda goma yanzun nan, ina kan hanyata ke nan in gwada su, ina roƙonka, ka yi mini haƙuri.’ “Har yanzu wani ya ce, ‘Na yi aure yanzun nan, don haka ni ba zan iya zuwa ba.’” Luka 14:18–20 (SRDK). “Ku tuna fa da matar Lot!” Luka 17:32 (SRDK). “Amma matar Lot ta waiwaya baya, ta kuma zama ginshiƙin gishiri.” Farawa 19:26 (SRDK). “…Ashe, ba za ku iya yin tsaro tare da ni ko na sa’a guda ba? Ku yi tsaro, ku kuma yi addu’a, don kada ku fāɗi cikin jarraba. Ruhu yana so, sai dai jiki raunana ne.” Mattiyu 26:40–41 (SRDK). “Saboda haka fa, kada mu zama kamar saura, waɗanda suke barci, sai dai mu zama masu tsaro da masu kamunkai.” 1 Tessalonikawa 5:6 (SRDK).Hankali ya Karkata Yayinda Abokin Gaba ya Kai Hari“Amma yayinda kowa yake barci, abokin gābansa ya zo ya yafa ciyayi a cikin alkamar, ya tafi abinsa.” Mattiyu 13:25 (SRDK). “Da bazara, a lokacin da sarakuna sukan fita zuwa yaƙi, sai Dawuda ya aiki Yowab tare da mutanen sarki, da dukan Isra’ila. Suka je suka hallaka Ammonawa, suka kuma yi wa Rabba kwanton ɓauna. Amma Dawuda ya yi zamansa a Urushalima. Wata rana da yamma, Dawuda ya tashi daga gadonsa, ya zaga kewaye a rufin fadansa. Daga rufin ya ga wata mace tana wanka. Matar kyakkyawa ce ƙwarai.” 2 Sama’ila 11:1–2 (SRDK). “Bayan ta sa shi ya yi barci a cinyarta, sai ta kira wani ya zo ya aske kitso guda bakwai nan a kansa, aka fara rinjayensa. Ƙarfinsa kuwa ya rabu da shi.” Mahukunta 16:19 (SRDK). “Sarki Belshazar ya yi babban biki domin dubban hakimansa ya kuma sha ruwan inabi tare da su. Yayinda Belshazar yake shan ruwan inabi, sai ya umarta a kawo zinariya da azurfan da Nebukadnezzar mahaifinsa ya kwaso daga haikali a Urushalima, saboda sarki da hakimansa, da matansa da ƙwarƙwaransa su sha da su. Sai suka kawo kayan zinariyan nan da aka kwaso daga haikalin Allah a Urushalima, sarki kuwa da hakimansa, da matansa, da ƙwarƙwaransa suka yi ta sha da su. Yayinda suke shan ruwan inabin, sai suka yabi allolin zinariya da azurfa, da na tagulla, da na ƙarfe, da na itace da kuma na dutse. Nan da nan sai ga yatsotsin hannun mutum sun bayyana, suna yin rubutu a kan shafen bangon, kusa da wurin da ake ajiye fitilar fadar sarki. Sarki kuwa yana ganin hannun yayinda yake rubutu.” Daniyel 5:1–5 (SRDK). “A wannan dare aka kashe Belshazar, sarkin Babiloniyawa…” Daniyel 5:30 (SRDK). “Ashe, lokaci ya yi da za ku zauna a ɗakunan da kuka yi da rufin katako, amma haikalin nan yana zaman kufai?” To, ga abin da Ubangiji Maɗaukaki ya ce, “Ku lura da al’amuranku. Kun shuka da yawa, amma kun girbe kaɗan. Kun ci, amma ba ku ƙoshi ba. Kun sha, amma ba ku kashe ƙishirwa ba. Kun sa tufafi, amma ba ku ji ɗumi ba. Kuna karɓar albashi, ya zama sai ka ce kuna zuba a hudajjen aljihu.” Haggai 1:4–6 (SRDK). “Wata rana, baƙin da suke cikinsu, suka fara kwaɗayin waɗansu abinci, har suka sa Isra’ilawa suka fara kuka, suna cewa, “Da mun sami nama mun ci mana! Mun tuna da kifin da muka ci kyauta a Masar, haka ma kayan lambu irin su kukumba, guna, safa, albasa da kuma tafarnuwa. Amma ga shi yanzu ba mu da wani abin marmari; in ba wannan Manna ba!”” Ƙidaya 11:4–6 (SRDK). “…domin waɗansu ’yan’uwan ƙarya sun shiga cikinmu domin su yi leƙe a kan ’yancin da muke da shi a cikin Kiristi Yesu, su kuma mai da mu bayi…” Galatiyawa 2:4 (SRDK). “Na faɗa haka ne domin waɗansu mutanen da aka rubuta hukuncinsu tun dā sun shiga cikinku a ɓoye. Su fa marasa tsoron Allah ne. Su ne waɗanda suka mai da alherin Allahnmu ya zama dalilin yin fasikanci, suna kuma mūsun Yesu Kiristi wanda shi ne Makaɗaici Mai Iko Duka da kuma Ubangijinmu.” Yahuda 4 (SRDK).Kafa Idanu Sosai“Ka juye idanuna daga abubuwa marasa amfani; ka kiyaye raina bisa ga maganarka.” Zabura 119:37 (SRDK). “Bari idanunka su dubi gaba sosai, ka kafa idanunka kai tsaye a gabanka.” Karin Magana 4:25 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Yanzu ba na zuwa filin wasa don in ga kare yana korar zomo; amma idan ta wurin haɗari na wuce irin wannan farauta a gona, mai yiwuwa ta janye hankalina har ma daga wani tunani mai muhimmanci… Yaya yake, sa’ad da nake zaune a gida, ƙadangare yana kama ƙudaje, ko gizo-gizo yana kama su yayinda suke faɗawa cikin ragarta, sau da yawa yakan ɗauke hankalina?… a lokacin nan sau da yawa addu’o’inmu sukan katse su kuma damu ta haka…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF1 1) Augustine, Ikirari 10.35.57, fassarar J. G. Pilkington, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 1, juzu’i na 1, ed. Philip Schaff (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). ↩︎

11“Ba za ka yi wa kanka waɗansu alloli ba sai ni. Ba za ka yi wa kanka waɗansu alloli a siffar wani abu a sama a bisa, ko a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ko a ƙarƙashin ruwa ba. Ba za ka durƙusa gare su, ko ka yi musu sujada ba. Gama ni, Ubangiji Allahnka mai kishi ne, nakan hukunta ’ya’ya har tsara ta uku da ta huɗu na waɗanda suke ƙina…” Fitowa 20:3–5 (SRDK). “Sai Shadrak, Meshak da Abednego suka amsa wa sarki suka ce, “Ya Nebukadnezzar, ba mu bukata mu kāre kanmu a gabanka a kan wannan batu. In an jefa mu cikin tanderun wutar nan, Allahn da muke bauta wa zai iya cetonmu daga ita, kuma ya sarki, zai cece mu daga hannunka. Amma ko da bai cece mu ba, muna so ka sani, ya sarki; cewa ba za mu bauta wa allolinka ba ko kuma mu yi sujada ga gunkin zinariyar da ka kafa ba.”” Daniyel 3:16–18 (SRDK). “A ranar da aka shirya Hiridus, sanye da kayan sarautarsa, ya zauna a gadon sarautarsa ya kuma ya wa mutanen jawabi. Suka tā da murya suka ce, “Wannan muryar wani allah ne, ba ta mutum ba.” Nan take, domin Hiridus bai yi wa Allah yabo ba, wani mala’ikan Ubangiji ya buge shi, tsutsotsi kuwa suka cinye shi ya kuma mutu.” Ayyukan Manzanni 12:21–23 (SRDK). “Mutane suka yi wa macijin sujada domin ya ba wa dabbar ikonsa, suka yi wa dabbar sujada, suka kuma yi tambaya cewa, “Wane ne yake kama da dabban nan? Wa zai iya yaƙe ta?”” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 13:4 (SRDK). “Aka ba ta iko tă ba da numfashi ga siffar dabban nan ta fari, don tă yi magana tă kuma sa a kashe duk waɗanda suka ƙi yi wa siffar sujada.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 13:15 (SRDK). “Saboda haka abokaina ƙaunatattu, ku guje wa bautar gumaka.” 1 Korintiyawa 10:14 (SRDK). “’Ya’yana ƙaunatattu, ku yi nesa da gumaka.” 1 Yohanna 5:21 (SRDK). “Suka amsa, “Na Kaisar ne.” Sai ya ce musu, “Ku ba wa Kaisar abin da yake na Kaisar, ku kuma ba wa Allah abin da yake na Allah.”” Mattiyu 22:21 (SRDK). “Wace illa ce a ce, Ubangiji Kaisar, a kuma miƙa hadaya…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Shaidar Polycarp, babi na 8, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Ka rantse da arzikin Kaisar; ka tuba, ka ce, A kawar da Marasa Allah.” … “Shekara tamanin da shida ke nan ina bauta masa, bai kuwa taɓa yi mini wani lahani ba…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Shaidar Polycarp, babi na 9, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885).Rubutun Wani Gwamnan Roma (Tsohon Tushe wanda ba na Kirista ba)“Waɗanda suka musanta cewa su Kiristoci ne ko sun taɓa zama Kiristoci, sa’ad da suka kira allolin da kalmomin da na faɗa musu, suka miƙa addu’a da turare da ruwan inabi ga siffarka, wadda na ba da umarni a kawo saboda wannan tare da gumakan allolin, suka kuma la’anci Kiristi—babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da ake cewa za a iya tilasta wa waɗanda suke Kiristoci na gaske su yi…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na James J. O’Donnell) Pliny Ƙarami, Wasiƙu 10.96, zuwa ga Sarki Trajan (wajen shekara ta 112 bayan haihuwar Kiristi), fassarar Turanci kamar yadda James J. O’Donnell ya wallafa ta, Georgetown University, faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/texts/pliny.html (shafin bai ambaci mai fassarar ba). ↩︎

12“Duk wanda ya zub da jinin mutum, ta hannun mutum za a zub da jininsa; gama a cikin siffar Allah ne, Allah ya yi mutum.” Farawa 9:6 (SRDK). “Ba za ka yi kisankai ba.” Fitowa 20:13 (SRDK). “Akwai abubuwa shida da Ubangiji ya ƙi, abubuwa bakwai da suke abin ƙyama gare shi, duban reni, harshe mai ƙarya, hannuwa masu zub da jinin marar laifi…” Karin Magana 6:16–17 (SRDK). “Suka miƙa ’ya’yansu maza hadaya ’yan matansu kuma ga aljanu. Suka zub da jini marar laifi, jinin ’ya’yansu maza da mata, waɗanda suka miƙa hadaya ga gumakan Kan’ana, ƙasar kuwa ta ƙazantu ta wurin jininsu.” Zabura 106:37–38 (SRDK). “Gama sun yashe ni suka kuma mai da wannan wuri ya zama na baƙin alloli; sun ƙone hadayu a cikinsa wa allolin da ko su ko kakanninsu ko sarakunan Yahuda ba su taɓa sani ba, suka kuma cika wannan wuri da jini marasa laifi. Suka gina masujadai na kan tudu na Ba’al don su ƙona ’ya’yansu maza a cikin wuta a matsayin hadaya ga Ba’al abin da ban umarta ba, ban ambata ba, bai kuma zo mini ba…” Irmiya 19:4–5 (SRDK). “Gama ka halicci ciki-cikina; ka gina ni gaba ɗaya a cikin mahaifar mahaifiyata. Ina yabonka domin yadda ka yi ni abin tsoro ne da kuma abin mamaki; ayyukanka suna da banmamaki, na san da haka sosai. Ƙasusuwana ba a ɓoye suke a gare ka ba sa’ad da aka yi ni asirce. Sa’ad da saƙa ni gaba ɗaya a zurfafan duniya. Idanunka sun ga jikina marar fasali; dukan kwanakin da aka tsara mini a rubuce suke a littafinka kafin ɗayansu yă kasance.” Zabura 139:13–16 (SRDK). “Kafin in siffanta ka a cikin ciki na san ka, kafin a haife ka, na keɓe ka; na naɗa ka ka zama annabi ga al’ummai.” Irmiya 1:5 (SRDK). “…kada ka kashe jariri ta wurin zubar da ciki, ko ka kashe abin da aka haifa…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 7) Didache, babi na 2, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 7 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “Suna aure, kamar yadda dukan [waɗansu] suke yi; suna haihuwar ’ya’ya; amma ba sa kashe ’ya’yansu.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Wasiƙa zuwa ga Diognetus, babi na 5, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Kuma tun da muke cewa matan da suke amfani da magunguna don su zubar da ciki suna yin kisankai, kuma za su ba Allah lissafi saboda zubar da cikin, bisa ga wace ƙa’ida za mu yi kisankai?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 2) Athenagoras na Atens, Roƙo saboda Kiristoci, babi na 35, fassarar B. P. Pratten, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 2 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

13“Yayinda suke cikin farin ciki, sai suka yi ihu, suka ce, “Fito mana da Samson yă yi mana wasa.” Saboda haka aka zo da Samson daga kurkuku, shi kuwa ya yi wasa a gabansu. Sa’ad da suka tsai da shi a tsakanin ginshiƙai…” Mahukunta 16:25 (SRDK). “Gama a ganina fa, Allah ya baje mu manzanni a ƙarshen jerin gwanon, a matsayin mutanen da aka hukunta ga mutuwa a filin wasanni. Mun zama abin kallo ga dukan duniya, ga mala’iku da kuma mutane.” 1 Korintiyawa 4:9 (SRDK). “Ku tuna da kwanakin nan da suka wuce bayan kun sami haske, sa’ad da kuka tsaya daram a tsananin shan wahala. Wani lokaci a fili an tsananta muku aka kuma zage ku aka kuma tsananta muku; a wani lokaci kuma kuka tsaya tare da waɗanda aka yi musu haka.” Ibraniyawa 10:32–33 (SRDK). “Honorius, wanda ya gaji mulkin Turai, ya dakatar da faɗace-faɗacen gladiators waɗanda aka daɗe ana yi a Roma. Dalilin yin haka kuwa ya taso daga wannan al’amari. Wani mutum mai suna Telemachus ya rungumi rayuwar ƙunci da kamunkai. Ya taso daga Gabas, saboda haka kuma ya tafi Roma. A can, sa’ad da ake nuna wannan kallo mai banƙyama, shi kansa ya shiga filin wasan, ya kuma sauka cikin fage, ya yi ƙoƙari ya hana mutanen da suke amfani da makamansu gaba da juna. ’Yan kallon kisan suka husata, kuma, bisa ga zuga ta haukan fushin aljanin nan da yake jin daɗin waɗannan ayyukan jini, suka jajjefi mai sulhun da duwatsu har ya mutu. Sa’ad da aka faɗa wa sarkin mai ban sha’awa wannan, sai ya lissafta Telemachus cikin rundunar mashaidan da suka ci nasara, ya kuma kawo ƙarshen wannan kallo na rashin ibada.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 3) Theodoret, Tarihin Ikkilisiya 5.26, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 3, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1892). “Gama da zarar ya ga jinin nan, sai ya sha wani irin hali na rashin tausayi tare da shi; bai kuwa juya ba, sai ya kafa idonsa, yana shan hauka ba tare da saninsa ba, ya kuma ji daɗin wannan gasa mai laifi, ya kuma bugu da wannan wasan jini.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF1 1) Augustine, Ikirari 6.8.13, fassarar J. G. Pilkington, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 1, juzu’i na 1, ed. Philip Schaff (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “Amma mu, da yake muna ɗauka cewa ganin ana kashe mutum kusan daidai yake da kashe shi, mun rantse za mu guji irin waɗannan kallo.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 2) Athenagoras na Atens, Roƙo saboda Kiristoci, babi na 35, fassarar B. P. Pratten, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 2 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

14“Ga abin da Ubangiji ya ce, “Saboda zunubai uku na Isra’ila, har guda huɗu ma, ba zan fasa hukunta su ba. Don sun sayar da adalai waɗanda suka kāsa biyan bashinsu. Sun kuma sayar da matalauta waɗanda bashinsu bai ma kai ko kuɗin bi-labi ba. Sun tattake kawunan matalauta kamar yadda suke taka laka suka kuma danne wa marasa galihu gaskiya. Uba da ɗa su na kwana da yarinya guda, suna kuma ɓata sunana mai tsarki…” Amos 2:6–7 (SRDK). “Kuna matsa wa matalauta kuna sa su dole su ba ku hatsi. Saboda haka, ko da yake kun gina gidajen duwatsu, ba za ku zauna a cikinsu ba; ko da yake kun nome gonaki masu kyau, ba za ku sha ruwan inabinsu ba. Gama na san yawan laifofinku da kuma girman zunubanku. Kuna danne masu adalci kuna kuma cin hanci kuna kuma hana a yi wa matalauta shari’ar adalci a majalisa.” Amos 5:11–12 (SRDK). “Duk wanda ya zalunci matalauci ya zagi Mahaliccinsu ke nan, amma duk wanda ya yi alheri ga mabukata yana girmama Allah ne.” Karin Magana 14:31 (SRDK). “Kada ka zalunci matalauta a kan suna matalauta kada kuma ka ƙwari wanda ba shi da mai taimako a gaban shari’a, gama Ubangiji zai yi magana dominsu zai kuwa washe waɗanda suka washe su.” Karin Magana 22:22–23 (SRDK). “Ubangiji yana shari’a da dattawa da kuma shugabannin mutanensa, “Ku ne kuka lalace gonar inabina; ganimar talakawa suna a gidajenku. Ina dalilin da kuke marmatsa mutanena kuna gurgurje fuskokin talakawa?” Ni Ubangiji Maɗaukaki na faɗa.” Ishaya 3:14–15 (SRDK). “Yanzu fa sai ku saurara, ku masu arziki, ku yi kuka da ihu, saboda azabar da take zuwa a kanku. Arzikinku ya ruɓa, asu kuma sun cinye tufafinku. Zinariyarku da azurfarku sun yi tsatsa. Tsatsarsu kuwa za tă zama shaida a kanku, ta kuma ci namar jikinku kamar wuta. Kun ɓoye dukiya a kwanakin ƙarshe. Ga shi! Zaluncin da kuka yi na hakkin ma’aikatan gonakinku yana ta ƙara. Kukan masu girbi ya kai kunnuwan Ubangiji Maɗaukaki.” Yaƙub 5:1–4 (SRDK). “Mutanen da suke son yin arziki sukan fāɗi cikin jarraba, su fāɗa a tarko, suna mugayen sha’awace-sha’awace iri-iri na wauta da cutarwa, irin waɗanda suke dulmuyar da mutane, su kai ga lalacewa da hallaka. Gama son kuɗi shi ne tushen kowane irin mugun abu. Waɗansu mutane, don tsananin son kuɗi, sun bauɗe daga bangaskiya suka kuma jawo wa kansu da baƙin ciki iri-iri.” 1 Timoti 6:9–10 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Kada ka juya wa mabukaci baya, amma ka raba kome da ɗan’uwanka…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 7) Didache, babi na 4, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 7 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “Saboda haka, maimakon gonaki, ku sayi rayukan da suke shan wahala, gwargwadon yadda kowa zai iya, ku ziyarci gwauraye da marayu, kada kuma ku ƙyale su; ku kuma kashe dukiyarku da dukan tanadinku, waɗanda kuka karɓa daga Ubangiji, a kan irin waɗannan gonaki da gidaje. Gama saboda wannan ne Maigida ya arzuta ku, don ku yi masa waɗannan hidimomi…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 2) Makiyayin Hermas, Misali na 1, fassarar F. Crombie, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 2 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885).Takardun Fafaroma“Cutar da wani a kan ladan da ya kamata a biya shi babban laifi ne da yake kuka ga fushin Sama mai ramuwa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci) Fafaroma Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum, wasiƙar fafaroma game da jari da ƙwadago, 15 ga Mayu, 1891, sashe na 20 (Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana), vatican.va. A cikin wannan sashe, wasiƙar ta la’anci duk wani ƙoƙari “na matsa wa mabukata da matalauta saboda riba,” ta kuma ce “a tara riba daga bukatar wani” “dukan dokoki, na ’yan adam da na Allah, sun la’anta shi.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci) Ibid. ↩︎

15“Duk wanda ya saci mutum ya sayar da shi, ko kuwa aka iske shi a hannunsa, lalle kashe shi za a yi.” Fitowa 21:16 (SRDK). “Idan aka kama wani yana satar ɗan’uwansa mutumin Isra’ila domin yă sa ya zama bawansa, ko yă sayar da shi, sai a kashe ɓarawon nan. Haka za ku kawar da mugunta daga cikinku.” Maimaitawar Shari’a 24:7 (SRDK). “Mun kuma san cewa an yi doka ba domin masu adalci ba sai dai masu tawaye, da marasa biyayya, da marasa bin Allah, da masu zunubi, da marasa tsarkaka, da masu saɓon Allah, da masu kashe iyaye maza da mata, da masu kisankai, da masu zina da kuma da maza masu kwana da maza, ko mata masu kwana da mata, da masu cinikin bayi da masu ƙarya da kuma masu shaidar ƙarya, da kuma duk wani abin da ya saɓa wa sahihiyar koyarwa…” 1 Timoti 1:9–10 (SRDK). “Attajiran duniya za su yi kuka su kuma yi makoki a kanta, domin ba wanda yake ƙara sayen kayayyakinsu kayayyakin zinariya, azurfa, duwatsu masu daraja da lu’ulu’ai; lallausan lilin, tufa masu ruwan shunayya, siliki da jan tufa; da kowane irin katakai masu ƙanshi da kayayyaki na kowane iri da aka yi da hauren giwa, katakai masu tsada, tagulla, baƙin ƙarfe da dutse mai sheƙi; kayayyakin sinnamon da kayan yaji, na turaren wuta, mur da turare, na ruwan inabi da man zaitun, na gari mai laushi da alkama; shanu da tumaki; dawakai da kekunan doki, da jikuna da kuma rayukan mutane.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 18:11–13 (SRDK). “Babu bambanci tsakanin mutumin Yahuda da mutumin Al’ummai, bawa da ’yantacce, namiji da ta mace, gama dukanku ɗaya ne cikin Kiristi Yesu.” Galatiyawa 3:28 (SRDK). “…ba kamar bawa kuma ba, sai dai fiye da bawa, a matsayin ƙaunataccen ɗan’uwa. Shi ƙaunatacce ne sosai a gare ni amma a gare ka ya ma fi zama ƙaunatacce, kamar mutum da kuma kamar ɗan’uwa a cikin Ubangiji.” Filemon 1:16 (SRDK). “‘Na sayi bayi mata da maza.’ Kana yanke wa ’yan adam hukuncin bauta, waɗanda halittarsu ’yantacciya ce, mai ’yancin zaɓi. … A kan obol nawa ka ƙimanta surar Allah?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na Andrew Maguire) Gregory na Nyssa, Wa’azozi a kan Mai Hadishi 4, fassarar Andrew Maguire, Early Church Texts (earlychurchtexts.com). ↩︎

16“Kada a sami wani a cikinku da ya miƙa ɗansa, ko ’yarsa a wuta, ko a sami mai duba, ko mai maita, ko mai fassara gaibi, ko mai sihiri, ko boka, ko mabiya, ko maye, ko mai sha’ani da matattu. Duk wanda yake yin waɗannan abubuwa, shi abin ƙyama ne ga Ubangiji, saboda waɗannan abubuwa banƙyama ne kuwa Ubangiji Allahnku ya kori waɗancan al’ummai kafin ku.” Maimaitawar Shari’a 18:10–12 (SRDK). “ ‘Kada ku juya ga masu duba, ko ku nemi shawarar bokaye, gama za ku ƙazantu ta wurinsu. Ni ne Ubangiji Allahnku.” Firistoci 19:31 (SRDK). “Sa’ad da mutane suka ce muku ku nemi shawarar ’yan bori da masu sihiri, waɗanda suke shaƙe murya har ba a jin abin da suke faɗi, bai kamata mutane su nemi shawara daga Allahnsu ba? Me zai sa ku nemi shawara daga matattu a madadin masu rai?” Ishaya 8:19 (SRDK). “Gama tawaye yana kama da zunubi na duba, girman kai kuma yana kama da bautar gumaka. Saboda ka ƙi maganar Ubangiji, shi ma ya ƙi ka da zaman sarki.” 1 Sama’ila 15:23 (SRDK). “Waɗansu masu yin sihiri suka kawo naɗaɗɗun littattafansu wuri ɗaya suka kuwa ƙone su a gaban jama’a. Sa’ad da aka lissafta yawan kuɗin naɗaɗɗun littattafan nan, sai jimillar ta kai darik dubu hamsin.” Ayyukan Manzanni 19:19 (SRDK). “Ayyukan mutuntaka kuwa a fili suke. Wato, fasikanci, ƙazanta da kuma lalata; bautar gumaka da sihiri; ƙiyayya, faɗa, kishi, fushi mai zafi, sonkai, tsattsaguwa, hamayya, da ƙyashi; buguwa, shashanci, da ire-irensu. Na gargaɗe ku, yadda na yi a dā, cewa masu irin wannan rayuwa ba za su gāji mulkin Allah ba.” Galatiyawa 5:19–21 (SRDK). “Amma matsorata, da marasa bangaskiya, masu ƙazanta, masu kisankai, masu fasikanci, masu sihiri, masu bautar gumaka da dukan maƙaryata, wurinsu zai kasance a cikin tafkin wutar da yake farar wuta mai ci. Wannan fa ita ce mutuwa ta biyu.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 21:8 (SRDK). “Ɗana, kada ka zama mai duban alamu, gama yana kai wa ga bautar gumaka; kada kuma ka zama mai tsafi, ko mai duban taurari…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 7) Didache, babi na 3, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 7 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “Waɗanda suke na matsayin firistoci, ko na masu hidimar Ikkilisiya, kada su zama masu sihiri, masu tsafi, masu lissafin taurari, ko masu duban taurari; kada kuma su yi abin da ake kira layu, waɗanda sarƙoƙi ne ga rayukansu. Waɗanda kuma suke sa irin waɗannan, muna umarta a fitar da su daga Ikkilisiya.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 14) Majalisar Lawodiseya, ƙa’ida ta 36, fassarar Henry R. Percival, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 14, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1900).Littafin Koyarwa“Dole a ƙi kowane irin duba: neman taimakon Shaiɗan ko aljanu, kiran matattu, ko waɗansu ayyukan da ake tsammani a banza cewa suna ‘bayyana’ abin da zai faru nan gaba. Duba taurarin haihuwa, ilimin taurari, duban tafin hannu, fassarar alamu da ƙuri’a, abubuwan da ake kira hangen gaibu, da neman taimakon masu magana da matattu, dukansu suna ɓoye sha’awar mallakar iko a kan lokaci, a kan tarihi, kuma a ƙarshe a kan waɗansu ’yan adam, tare da muradin samun yardar ikokin ɓoye. Suna saɓa wa girma, da bangirma, da tsoro cike da ƙauna da muke binsu ga Allah kaɗai.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci) Littafin Koyarwar Ikkilisiyar Katolika, bugu na 2 (Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1997), sakin layi na 2116. ↩︎

17“Sai maganar Ubangiji ta zo wa Iliya mutumin Tishbe. Ta ce, “Gangara don ka sadu da Ahab sarkin Isra’ila, wanda yake mulki a Samariya. Yanzu yana a gonar inabin Nabot, inda ya tafi yă mallake ta. Ka ce masa, Ga abin da Ubangiji ya ce, ‘Ba ka kashe mutum ka kuma ƙwace kayansa ba?’ Sa’an nan ka ce masa ga abin da Ubangiji ya ce, ‘A inda karnuka suka lashe jinin Nabot, karnuka za su lashe jininka, I, naka!’ ”” 1 Sarakuna 21:17–19 (SRDK). “Shugabanninki a cikinki suna kama da kyarketai masu yayyage ganimarsu; suna kisa suna kuma kashe mutane don samun ƙazamar riba.” Ezekiyel 22:27 (SRDK). “Sa’an nan na ce, “Ku kasa kunne, ku shugabannin Yaƙub, ku masu mulkin gidan Isra’ila. Ya kamata ku san shari’a, ku da kuke ƙin abu mai kyau kuke ƙaunar mugunta, ku da kuke feɗe mutanena kuke tuge nama daga ƙasusuwansu; ku da kuke cin naman mutanena, ku feɗe fatar jikinsu kuke kakkarya ƙasusuwansu, kuke yayyanka su gunduwa-gunduwa kamar naman da za a toya, kamar naman da za a sa a dafa.”” Mika 3:1–3 (SRDK). “Sarakunan duniya sun ɗauki matsayi masu mulki sun taru gaba ɗaya suna gāba da Ubangiji da kuma Shafaffensa. Suna cewa, “Bari mu tsittsinke sarƙoƙinsu, mu kuma ’yantar da kamammu daga kangin bautar Allah.” Mai zama a kursiyi a sama yana dariya; Ubangiji yana musu ba’a.” Zabura 2:2–4 (SRDK). “Idan aka kawar da adalci, to, mene ne mulkoki in ba manyan fashi ba?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF1 2) Augustine, Birnin Allah 4.4, fassarar Marcus Dods, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 1, juzu’i na 2, ed. Philip Schaff (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1887). “Ba na kuskura in miƙa hadayar idan kana da niyyar kasancewa a wurin.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 10) Ambrose na Milan, Wasiƙa ta 51.13, zuwa ga Sarki Theodosius, fassarar H. de Romestin, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 10, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1896). ↩︎

18“Sa’ad da Siman ya ga cewa ana ba da Ruhu ta wurin ɗibiya hannuwan manzannin, sai ya miƙa musu kuɗi, ya ce, “Ni ma ku ba ni wannan iyawa don kowa na ɗibiya wa hannuwana yă karɓi Ruhu Mai Tsarki.” Bitrus ya amsa ya ce, “Bari kuɗinka ya hallaka tare da kai, domin ka yi tsammani za ka iya saya kyautar Allah da kuɗi! Ba ruwanka da wannan hidimar, domin zuciyarka ba daidai take a gaban Allah ba.” Ayyukan Manzanni 8:18–21 (SRDK). “Ɗan mutum, ka yi annabci a kan makiyayan Isra’ila; ka yi annabci ka ce musu, ‘Ga abin da Ubangiji Mai Iko Duka yana cewa kaiton makiyayan Isra’ila waɗanda suke kula da kansu ne kawai! Ashe, bai kamata makiyaya ne su lura da tumaki ba? Kuna cin kitsensu, kuna yi wa kanku tufafi da gashinsu, kukan yanka turkakkun, amma ba ku yi kiwon tumakin ba. Ba ku ƙarfafa marasa ƙarfi ba, ko ku warkar da marasa lafiya ko ku ɗaura waɗanda suka ji rauni. Ba ku dawo da waɗanda suka yi makuwa ko ku nemi waɗanda suka ɓace ba. Amma sai kuka mallake su ƙarfi da yaji.” Ezekiyel 34:2–4 (SRDK). “Hukunce-hukuncen shugabannin ƙasar na cin hanci ne, firistocinta kuma suna koyarwa don a biya su, annabawanta kuwa suna yin annabci don neman kuɗi. Duk da haka suna jingina a kan Ubangiji suna cewa, “Ba Ubangiji yana tare da mu ba? Ba bala’in da zai zo mana.”” Mika 3:11 (SRDK). “Ku zama makiyayan garken Allah da yake a ƙarƙashin kulawarku, kuna hidima kamar masu kula, ba kan dole ba, sai dai da yardar rai, yadda Allah yake so ku zama; ban da kwaɗayin kuɗi, sai dai marmarin yin hidima; ban da nuna iko a kan waɗanda aka danƙa muku amana, sai dai ku zama gurbi ga garken.” 1 Bitrus 5:2–3 (SRDK). “Da yake an danƙa wa mai kula da ikkilisiya riƙon amana saboda Allah, dole yă zama marar aibi ba mai girman kai ba, ba mai saurin fushi ba, ba mai buguwa ba, ba mai rikici ba, ba kuma mai son ƙazamar riba ba…” Titus 1:7 (SRDK). “Yesu ya shiga filin haikali, ya kuma kori duk masu saya da sayarwa a can. Ya tutture tebur masu canjin kuɗi da kuma kujerun masu sayar da tattabarai. Ya ce musu, “A rubuce yake, ‘Za a ce da gidana, gidan addu’a,’ amma kuna mai da shi ‘kogon ’yan fashi.’ ”” Mattiyu 21:12–13 (SRDK). “Tun da yake da yawa daga cikin waɗanda aka rubuta cikin masu hidimar Ikkilisiya, suna bin kwaɗayi da son riba, sun manta da Nassi na Allah, wanda yake cewa, ‘wanda yake ba da rance ba tare da ruwa ba’, kuma sa’ad da suke ba da rance suna neman kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na kuɗin [a matsayin ruwa na kowane wata], Majalisa mai tsarki da girma tana ganin adalci ne cewa idan bayan wannan doka aka sami wani yana karɓan ruwa, ko ya yi haka ta wurin ciniki na asiri ko ta wata hanya dabam, kamar ta wurin neman duka da rabi, ko ta wurin amfani da wata dabara ko yaya take saboda riba mai ƙazanta, za a tuɓe shi daga matsayinsa na mai hidimar Ikkilisiya, a kuma shafe sunansa daga jerin sunaye.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 14) Majalisa ta Farko ta Nicaea (325), ƙa’ida ta 17, fassarar Henry R. Percival, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 14, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1900). “Idan wani bishop ya yi naɗawa saboda kuɗi, ya kuma sa alherin da ba a iya sayarwa a kasuwa, ya kuma naɗa bishop, ko chorepiscopus, ko dattijo, ko mai hidima, ko wani daga cikin waɗanda aka lissafta cikin masu hidimar Ikkilisiya saboda kuɗi; ko ya naɗa manaja, ko jami’in shari’a, ko mai gadi saboda kuɗi, ko wani ma’aikacin Ikkilisiya ko yaya yake saboda ribar kansa mai ƙazanta; [bari] wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin wannan, aka kuma tabbatar da laifinsa, ya rasa matsayinsa…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na Tanner) Majalisar Chalcedon (451), ƙa’ida ta 2, cikin Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, ed. Norman P. Tanner, juzu’i na 1 (London: Sheed & Ward; Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990), kamar yadda aka sake buga shi a papalencyclicals.net. (Rubutun da yake kan yanar gizo yana cewa “led him”; an gyara shi a cikin baka.) ↩︎

19“Ina roƙonku ’yan’uwa, a cikin sunan Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi, dukanku ku yarda da juna, domin kada a sami tsattsaguwa a cikinku, domin kuma ku zama ɗaya, cikakku a cikin halinku da tunaninku.” 1 Korintiyawa 1:10 (SRDK). “Addu’ata ba saboda masu bina kaɗai ba ne. Ina addu’a kuma saboda waɗanda za su gaskata da ni ta wurin maganarsu. Ina so dukansu su zama ɗaya, ya Uba, kamar yadda kake a cikina, ni kuwa a cikinka. Haka su ma bari su zauna cikinmu, domin duniya ta gaskata cewa kai ka aiko ni.” Yohanna 17:20–21 (SRDK). “Ku yi ƙoƙari sosai ku kiyaye zaman ɗayan nan da Ruhu ya ba ku, ku yi haka ta wurin zaman lafiya da juna. Dukanku jiki ɗaya ne, kuna kuma da Ruhu guda. An ba ku bege guda sa’ad da aka kira ku. Ubangiji ɗaya, bangaskiya ɗaya, baftisma kuma ɗaya, Allah ɗaya Uban duka, wanda yake a bisa duka, ta wurin duka, a cikin duka kuma.” Afisawa 4:3–6 (SRDK). “Har yanzu kuna rayuwa bisa ga halin mutuntaka. Da yake akwai kishi da faɗace-faɗace a cikinku, ba rayuwa irin ta halin mutuntaka ke nan kuke yi ba? Kuma ba rayuwa irin ta mutane ce kawai kuke yi ba?” 1 Korintiyawa 3:3 (SRDK). “Don me ake samun jayayya, da hargitsi, da rarrabuwa, da tsattsaguwa, da yaƙe-yaƙe a cikinku? … Don me muke rarraba muke kuma yayyage gaɓoɓin Kiristi, muke kuma ta da jayayya gaba da jikinmu, har muka kai irin wannan matsayi na hauka da muka manta cewa ‘kowace gaɓar ɗan’uwan sauran ne’?” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Clement na Roma, Wasiƙa ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa, babi na 46, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Ba zai ƙara samun Allah a matsayin Ubansa ba, wanda ba shi da Ikkilisiya a matsayin uwarsa.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 5) Cyprian na Carthage, A kan Haɗin Kan Ikkilisiya, sashe na 6, fassarar Ernest Wallis, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 5 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “…rigar Ubangiji Yesu Kiristi ba a raba ta ko kaɗan ba, ba a kuma yanke ta ba, amma ana karɓarta a matsayin cikakkiyar riga, kuma waɗanda suka jefa ƙuri’a a kan rigar Kiristi suna mallakarta a matsayin taguwa marar lahani, marar rabuwa…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 5) Cyprian na Carthage, A kan Haɗin Kan Ikkilisiya, sashe na 7, fassarar Ernest Wallis, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 5 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). ↩︎

20“Duk wanda ya bayyana yarda a gare ni a gaban mutane, ni ma zan bayyana yarda a gare shi a gaban Ubana da yake cikin sama. Amma duk wanda ya yi mūsun sani na a gaban mutane, ni ma zan yi mūsun saninsa a gaban Ubana da yake cikin sama.” Mattiyu 10:32–33 (SRDK). “Sa’an nan za a bashe ku don a tsananta muku a kuma kashe ku, dukan al’ummai za su ƙi ku saboda ni. A wannan lokaci, da yawa za su juya daga bangaskiya, su ci amana su kuma ƙi juna…” Mattiyu 24:9–10 (SRDK). “Bitrus ya amsa ya ce, “Kai, ban ma san abin da kake magana a kai ba!” Yana cikin magana, sai zakara ya yi cara. Ubangiji kuma ya juya ya kafa wa Bitrus ido. Sai Bitrus ya tuna da maganar da Ubangiji ya ce masa, “Kafin zakara ya yi cara yau, za ka yi mūsun sanina sau uku.” Sai ya fita waje, ya yi kuka mai zafi.” Luka 22:60–62 (SRDK). “Amma, “Mai adalcina zai rayu ta wurin bangaskiya. In kuwa ya ja da baya, ba zan ji daɗinsa ba.” Amma mu ba na waɗanda suke ja da baya, su kuma hallaka ba ne, amma na waɗanda suka gaskata, suka kuma sami ceto ne.” Ibraniyawa 10:38–39 (SRDK). “Na san inda kake da zama, inda Shaiɗan yana da gadon sarautarsa. Duk da haka ka riƙe sunana da gaske. Ba ka yi mūsun bangaskiyarka gare ni ba, har ma a kwanakin Antifas, amintaccen mashaidina, wanda aka kashe a birninku, inda Shaiɗan yake zama.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:13 (SRDK). “Nan da nan, a farkon maganganun maƙiyi mai barazana, mafi yawan ’yan’uwa suka ci amanar bangaskiyarsu, aka kuwa kayar da su, ba ta wurin harin tsanani ba, amma su da kansu suka kayar da kansu ta wurin faɗuwa da son ransu.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 5) Cyprian na Carthage, A kan Waɗanda Suka Faɗi, sashe na 7, fassarar Ernest Wallis, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 5 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886). “Hakika ba su jira a kama su ba kafin su haura, ko a tambaye su kafin su yi musu ba. Da son ransu suka ruga zuwa kasuwa…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 5) Cyprian na Carthage, A kan Waɗanda Suka Faɗi, sashe na 8, fassarar Ernest Wallis, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 5 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1886).Rubutun Wani Gwamnan Roma (Tsohon Tushe wanda ba na Kirista ba)“Waɗanda suka musanta cewa su Kiristoci ne ko sun taɓa zama Kiristoci, sa’ad da suka kira allolin da kalmomin da na faɗa musu, suka miƙa addu’a da turare da ruwan inabi ga siffarka, wadda na ba da umarni a kawo saboda wannan tare da gumakan allolin, suka kuma la’anci Kiristi—babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da ake cewa za a iya tilasta wa waɗanda suke Kiristoci na gaske su yi…” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na James J. O’Donnell) Pliny Ƙarami, Wasiƙu 10.96, zuwa ga Sarki Trajan (wajen shekara ta 112 bayan haihuwar Kiristi), fassarar Turanci kamar yadda James J. O’Donnell ya wallafa ta, Georgetown University, faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/texts/pliny.html (shafin bai ambaci mai fassarar ba). ↩︎

21“Duk sa’ad da wani ya ji saƙo game da mulkin bai kuwa fahimce shi ba, mugun nan yakan zo yă ƙwace abin da aka shuka a zuciyarsa. Wannan shi ne irin da ya fāɗi a kan hanya.” Mattiyu 13:19 (SRDK). “Waɗansu mutane suna kama da irin da ya fāɗi a kan hanya, inda akan shuka maganar Allah. Da jin maganar, nan da nan sai Shaiɗan yă zo yă ɗauke maganar da aka shuka a zuciyarsu.” Markus 4:15 (SRDK). “Ko da bishararmu a rufe take, tana a rufe ne ga waɗanda suke hallaka. Allahn zamanin nan ya makanta hankulan marasa ba da gaskiya, yadda har ba za su iya ganin hasken bishara ta ɗaukakar Kiristi ba, wanda yake kamannin Allah.” 2 Korintiyawa 4:3–4 (SRDK). “Gama mun so mu zo wurinku, tabbatacce ni, Bulus, na yi ƙoƙari sau da sau, amma Shaiɗan ya hana mu.” 1 Tessalonikawa 2:18 (SRDK). “Amma Elimas mai sihirin nan (domin ma’anar sunansa ke nan) ya yi hamayya da maganarsu ya kuma yi ƙoƙari ya juyar da muƙaddas ɗin daga bangaskiya.” Ayyukan Manzanni 13:8 (SRDK). “Sai ya ci gaba da cewa, “Kada ka ji tsoro, Daniyel. Gama tun daga ran da ka fara sa zuciya ga neman ganewa, ka kuma ƙasƙantar da kanka a gaban Allahnka, an ji addu’arka, amsar addu’arka ce ta kawo ni. Amma mai mulkin masarautar Farisa ya tsare ni har kwana ashirin da ɗaya. Sai da Mika’ilu, ɗaya daga cikin manya shugabanni, ya zo ya taimake ni, saboda an tsare ni a can tare da sarkin Farisa. Yanzu na zo domin in bayyana maka abin da zai faru da mutanenka nan gaba, gama wahayin ya shafi lokacin da bai riga ya zo ba ne.”” Daniyel 10:12–14 (SRDK). ↩︎

22Kalmar nan “Ikkilisiya” a nan ba tana nufin ikkilisiyoyin da aka tsara kaɗai ba ne, amma har da kowane mai bi ɗaya-ɗaya, wanda shi kansa gaɓa ne na jikin Kiristi. “Jiki guda ne, ko da yake an yi shi da gaɓoɓi da yawa; gaɓoɓin kuma ko da yake da yawa suke, jiki ɗaya ne. Haka yake da Kiristi. Dukanmu an yi mana baftisma ta wurin Ruhu guda zuwa ga jiki guda, ko Yahudawa ko Hellenawa, bawa ko ’yantacce, an kuma ba wa dukanmu wannan Ruhu guda mu sha.” 1 Korintiyawa 12:12–13 (SRDK). “To, ku jikin Kiristi ne, kowannenku kuwa gaɓarsa ne.” 1 Korintiyawa 12:27 (SRDK). “…haka ma a cikin Kiristi mu da muke da yawa mun zama jiki ɗaya, kuma kowace gaɓar ɗan’uwan sauran ne.” Romawa 12:5 (SRDK). “Allah ya sa kome a ƙarƙashin ikonsa, ya kuma ba shi iko a kan kome don amfanin ikkilisiya. Kuma ikkilisiya ce jikinsa; ta kuma cika da Kiristi, wanda ya cika kome ta kowace hanya.” Afisawa 1:22–23 (SRDK). “Shi ne kuma kan ikkilisiya, wadda take jikinsa. Shi ne mafari da kuma na farko da ya tashi daga matattu, domin a cikin kowane abu yă zama mafifici.” Kolossiyawa 1:18 (SRDK). “…ku ma, a matsayinku na duwatsu masu rai, ana gina ku ga zama gidan ruhaniya don ku zama tsattsarkar ƙungiyar firistoci, kuna miƙa hadayun ruhaniya, abin karɓa ga Allah ta wurin Yesu Kiristi.” 1 Bitrus 2:5 (SRDK).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Duk inda bishop zai bayyana, a can kuma bari taron [jama’a] su kasance; kamar yadda duk inda Yesu Kiristi yake, a can Ikkilisiya ta Katolika take.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Ignatius na Antiyok, Zuwa ga Simirnawa, babi na 8, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

23“Gama in kin yi shiru a wannan lokaci, taimako da ceto zai zo daga wani wuri saboda Yahudawa, amma ke da gidanki za ku hallaka. Wa ya san ko saboda irin wannan lokaci ne kika sami wannan muƙami?” Esta 4:14 (SRDK). “…mutanen Issakar, masu fahimtar lokuta suka kuma san abin da ya kamata Isra’ila ya yi, manya 200, tare da danginsu a ƙarƙashin shugabancinsu…” 1 Tarihi 12:32 (SRDK). “…Kun san yadda za ku fassara yanayin sararin sama, amma ba kwa iya fassarar alamun lokuta.” Mattiyu 16:3 (SRDK). “Ku yi ihu da ƙarfi, ba ƙaƙƙautawa. Ku tā da muryarku kamar busar ƙaho. Ku furta wa mutanena tawayensu da kuma ga gidan Yaƙub zunubansu.” Ishaya 58:1 (SRDK). “Ɗan mutum, na mai da kai mai tsaro don gidan Isra’ila; saboda haka ka ji maganar da zan yi ka kuma yi musu kashedin nan da ya fito daga gare ni.” Ezekiyel 3:17 (SRDK). “Amma a ce mai tsaron ya ga takobi yana zuwa bai kuwa busa ƙaho don yă faɗakar da mutane ba sai takobi ya zo ya ɗauki ran waninsu, za a kawar da wannan mutum saboda zunubinsa, amma zan nemi hakkin jinin mutumin a kan mai tsaron.’” Ezekiyel 33:6 (SRDK). ↩︎

24Umarnin Kiristi na Rubuta wa Ikkilisiyoyi“…Rubuta a cikin naɗaɗɗen littafi abin da ka gani ka kuma aika ta zuwa ga ikkilisiyoyi bakwai, zuwa Afisa, Simirna, Fergamum, Tiyatira, Sardis, Filadelfiya, da kuma Lawodiseya.” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 1:11 (SRDK). Wannan ita ce aya mafi ƙarfi a kan batun cewa Kiristi kansa yana umarta a aika rubuce-rubuce ga ikkilisiyoyi na musamman a cikin yanki guda, ana ambatonsu da suna ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Kiristi kansa ya nuna cewa ba dukan saƙonni ne ake bukatar a aika wa Ikkilisiya ta duniya baki ɗaya ba, amma waɗansu saƙonni na musamman suna da muhimmanci ga waɗansu ikkilisiyoyi a waɗansu wurare a waɗansu lokuta. “Duk mai kunnen ji, yă ji abin da Ruhu yake faɗa wa ikkilisiyoyi…” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:7 (SRDK). Wannan ayar Nassi tana nuna cewa wasiƙar da aka aika wa ikkilisiya ɗaya tana magana ga dukan ikkilisiyoyi a kan waɗansu al’amura. Ayar da aka ambata a baya, Ru’uya ta Yohanna 1:11, tana nuna cewa waɗansu saƙonni an nufe su ne ga ikkilisiyoyi na musamman a wurare na musamman a lokuta na musamman. Wannan aya tana tabbatar da batun cewa ko da yake umarnin Ru’uya ta Yohanna 1:11 yana aiki, ana iya koya wa sauran ikkilisiyoyi cikin bangaskiya ta wurin koyarwar da aka yi wa ikkilisiyoyi na musamman waɗanda aka aika wa saƙonnin Ru’uya ta Yohanna 1:11. “Zuwa ga mala’ikan ikkilisiya a Afisa, ka rubuta…” Ru’uya ta Yohanna 2:1 (SRDK). Wannan Kiristi ne yake magana da ikkilisiya guda. Kiristi ya ba da cikakken misalin da dukanmu za mu bi, har da mu da muke cikin Tsarkakan Matsayi. Saboda haka, za a aika waɗansu rubuce-rubuce ga waɗansu ikkilisiyoyi guda-guda.Wasiƙun Manzanni zuwa ga Ikkilisiyoyi bisa ga Yanki“Tare da su suka aika da wannan wasiƙa. Daga manzanni da dattawa, ’yan’uwanku. Zuwa ga Al’ummai masu bi a Antiyok, Suriya da Silisiya. Gaisuwa…” Ayyukan Manzanni 15:23 (SRDK). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa Majalisar Urushalima ta aika da wasiƙu zuwa yankuna sanannu, al’adar da bishop ya ɗauka a nan. “Yayinda suke tafiya daga gari zuwa gari, suka dinga ba da shawarwarin da manzanni da dattawa a Urushalima suka zartar domin mutane su kiyaye. Saboda haka ikkilisiyoyi suka ginu cikin bangaskiya suka kuma yi girma suka yi ta ƙaruwa kowace rana.” Ayyukan Manzanni 16:4–5 (SRDK). Ayyukan Manzanni 16:4–5 shi ne ci gaban Ayyukan Manzanni 15:23. Ayyukan Manzanni 15:23 yana nuna Majalisar Urushalima tana rubuta wasiƙa zuwa ga ikkilisiyoyin wani sanannen yanki. Ayyukan Manzanni 16:4 da 5 suna nuna cewa aka ɗauki waɗannan shawarwari daga gari zuwa gari, aka ba da su ga ikkilisiyoyi. Kuma ya rubuta cewa sakamakon shi ne ikkilisiyoyi suka ƙara kafuwa cikin bangaskiya, suka kuma ƙaru da yawa. Dokokin da Majalisar Urushalima ta bayar ba su tsaya a Urushalima ba. Hakika an kai su ga ikkilisiyoyin da aka nufa a ba su. Ikkilisiyoyin da suka karɓi saƙonnin sun sami abinci, aka kuma kafa su cikin bangaskiya, suka kuma ƙaru da yawa. Wannan shi ne manufar rubuce-rubucen yankuna zuwa ga ikkilisiyoyin mulkoki goma. A taƙaice, waɗannan ayoyi biyu suna nuna cewa wasiƙar yanki, sa’ad da aka karanta ta da ƙarfi ga ikkilisiyoyin da suka taru, ta yi tasiri. “Bayan an karanta muku wannan wasiƙa, ku tabbata an karanta ta kuma a ikkilisiyar Lawodiseyawa; ku ma ku karanta wasiƙar da ta zo daga Lawodiseya.” Kolossiyawa 4:16 (SRDK). Wannan ayar Nassi tana nuna cewa wasiƙun manzanni, waɗanda aka aika wa ikkilisiya guda, daga baya an yaɗa su zuwa ikkilisiyoyin da suke kusa. “Na gama ku da Ubangiji ku sa a karanta wannan wasiƙa ga dukan ’yan’uwa.” 1 Tessalonikawa 5:27 (SRDK). Wannan aya tana nuna batun cewa wani saƙo na musamman zai iya bukatar a kai shi ga wata ikkilisiya ta musamman a wani wuri na musamman, amma duk da haka ya shafi sauran Ikkilisiya da take a warwatse cikin mulkoki goma a lokaci guda, da muhimmanci daidai, ko da yake watakila ba da gaggawa kamar ikkilisiyar da aka aika wa ba.Wasiƙu zuwa ga Ikkilisiyoyi da suke a Warwatse“Bitrus, manzon Yesu Kiristi, Zuwa ga zaɓaɓɓu na Allah, baƙi a duniya, da suke a warwatse ko’ina a Fontus, Galatiya, Kaffadokiya, Asiya da kuma Bitiniya…” 1 Bitrus 1:1 (SRDK). Wannan ayar Nassi tana bayyana batun cewa ba dukan masu bi ne suke halartar taron ibada na ikkilisiya ba, kuma waɗansunsu suna a warwatse cikin jama’ar da suke zaune a ciki. Waɗannan mutane, da yake su masu bi ne cikin Yesu Kiristi, Ubangijinmu da Mai Cetonmu, gaɓoɓin jikin Kiristi ne daidai da waɗanda suke cikin taron ibada na ikkilisiya. Kuma wannan shi ne babban dalilin da ya sa bishop yake aika saƙonni zuwa ga “ikkilisiyoyi da suke a warwatse.” Ruhu Mai Tsarki yana cikin kowane mai bi. Duk wanda ya ce ba haka ba, ya yi saɓo ga Ruhu Mai Tsarki. “Yaƙub, bawan Allah da kuma na Ubangiji Yesu Kiristi, Zuwa ga kabilan nan goma sha biyu, da suke warwartse a cikin al’ummai. Gaisuwa mai yawa.” Yaƙub 1:1 (SRDK). Wannan misali ne na saƙon da aka aika wa Ikkilisiya ta duniya baki ɗaya, wadda take a warwatse ko’ina a duniya. Saƙo ne na gama duniya zuwa ga dukan Ikkilisiya. Yana ambaton kabilun nan goma sha biyu, yayinda a Magatakardan Mulki ake aika saƙonni zuwa ga mulkoki goma. Duk da haka, ya kafa misali na aika saƙo ga ikkilisiyoyi a dukan duniya. Misalin aika saƙo ga ikkilisiyoyi a wani yanki na musamman kuwa an riga an kafa shi ta wurin bayanan ƙarshen da suka gabata.Ikkilisiya ta Farko: Wasiƙun da Ikkilisiya ta Rubuta wa Ikkilisiya“Ikkilisiyar Allah da take zaman baƙunci a Roma, zuwa ga ikkilisiyar Allah da take zaman baƙunci a Korinti, zuwa ga waɗanda aka kira, aka kuma tsarkake ta wurin nufin Allah, ta wurin Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi: Alheri gare ku, da salama, daga Allah Maɗaukaki ta wurin Yesu Kiristi, su yawaita.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Clement na Roma, Wasiƙa ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa, gaisuwa, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). “Ikkilisiyar Allah da take zaman baƙunci a Simirna, zuwa ga Ikkilisiyar Allah da take zaman baƙunci a Philomelium, da kuma ga dukan taron Ikkilisiya Mai Tsarki da Katolika a kowane wuri: Jinƙai, salama, da ƙauna daga Allah Uba, da Ubangijinmu Yesu Kiristi, su yawaita.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Shaidar Polycarp, gaisuwa, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

25“Saboda ni, za a ja ku zuwa gaban gwamnoni da gaban sarakuna domin ku ba da shaida a gabansu, da kuma ga Al’ummai.” Mattiyu 10:18 (SRDK). “Sai Natan ya ce wa Dawuda, “Kai ne mutumin!…” 2 Sama’ila 12:7 (SRDK). “Gama Yohanna ya yi ta ce wa Hiridus, “Ba daidai ba ne bisa ga doka, ka ɗauki matar ɗan’uwanka.”” Markus 6:18 (SRDK). “Sa’ad da Ahab ya ga Iliya, sai ya ce masa, “Kai ne wannan, kai mai tā-da-na-zaune-tsaye a Isra’ila?” Iliya ya amsa, ya ce, “Ban tā-da-na-zaune-tsaye a Isra’ila ba. Amma kai da iyalin mahaifinka, ku kuka tā-da-na-zaune-tsaye. Ka ƙyale umarnai Ubangiji, ka bi Ba’al.” 1 Sarakuna 18:17–18 (SRDK). “Saboda haka, ya sarki, ina roƙonka ka karɓi shawarar da zan ba ka; ka furta zunubanka ta wurin yin abin da yake daidai. Ka bar muguntarka, ka aikata alheri ga waɗanda ake wulaƙantawa, wataƙila za a ƙara tsawon kwanakinka da salama.” Daniyel 4:27 (SRDK). “Duba, yau na naɗa ka a kan al’ummai da mulkoki don ka tumɓuke ka kuma rusar, ka hallaka ka kuma kakkaɓe, ka gina ka kuma shuka.” Irmiya 1:10 (SRDK). “Da Bulus ya ci gaba jawabi a kan adalci, kamunkai da kuma hukunci mai zuwa, sai Felis ya tsorata ya ce, “Yanzu kam, ya isa haka! Kana iya tafi. In na sami zarafi, zan kira ka.”” Ayyukan Manzanni 24:25 (SRDK). “Sai Agiriffa ya ce wa Bulus, “Kana tsammani cewa a cikin ɗan ƙanƙanin lokaci kana so ka mai da ni Kirista?” Bulus ya amsa ya ce, “Ko a ɗan lokaci, ko a lokaci mai yawa, ina addu’a ga Allah cewa, ba kai kaɗai ba amma duk waɗanda suke saurare ni a yau su zama abin da nake, sai dai ban da sarƙoƙin nan.”” Ayyukan Manzanni 26:28–29 (SRDK). “Bitrus da sauran manzannin suka amsa suka ce, “Dole ne mu yi wa Allah biyayya a maimakon mutane!” Ayyukan Manzanni 5:29 (SRDK). “Ba na kuskura in miƙa hadayar idan kana da niyyar kasancewa a wurin.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na NPNF2 10) Ambrose na Milan, Wasiƙa ta 51.13, zuwa ga Sarki Theodosius, fassarar H. de Romestin, cikin Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, jeri na 2, juzu’i na 10, ed. Philip Schaff da Henry Wace (New York: Christian Literature Publishing, 1896).Ikkilisiya ta Farko“Zuwa ga Sarki Titus Ælius Adrianus Antoninus Pius Augustus Kaisar, da ɗansa Verissimus Mai Falsafa, da Lucius Mai Falsafa, ɗan Kaisar na cikinsa, kuma ɗan riƙon Pius, mai son ilimi, da kuma Majalisar Dattawa mai tsarki, tare da dukan Jama’ar Romawa, ni, Justin, ɗan Priscus kuma jikan Bacchius, mutanen Flavia Neapolis da take a Filistiya, ina gabatar da wannan jawabi da roƙo a madadin waɗanda suke daga dukan al’ummai, waɗanda ake ƙi ba bisa ga adalci ba, ake kuma wulaƙanta su ba gaira ba dalili, ni kaina ɗaya ne daga cikinsu.” (an fassara daga rubutun Turanci na ANF 1) Justin Mashaidi, Kariya ta Farko, babi na 1, cikin The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts da James Donaldson, juzu’i na 1 (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing, 1885). ↩︎

26“Sa’an nan Ubangiji ya amsa ya ce, “Ka rubuta wannan ru’uya ka bayyana ta a fili a kan alluna don mai shela yă ruga da ita, yă kai.” Habakkuk 2:2 (SRDK). “Saboda haka, da yake ni da kaina na binciko kome a hankali daga farko, na ga ya yi kyau in rubuta maka labarin dalla-dalla, ya mafifici Tiyofilus…” Luka 1:3 (SRDK). “Sai dai a yi kome daidai da kuma cikin tsari.” 1 Korintiyawa 14:40 (SRDK). ↩︎

27“Shaidar mutum guda ba tă isa a tabbatar cewa mutum yana da laifi game da laifin da ake tuhumarsa ba, ko kuwa a kan wani laifin da ake zaginsa da aikata ba. Dole a tabbata da batun ta bakin shaidu biyu, ko uku.” Maimaitawar Shari’a 19:15 (SRDK). “Wannan za tă zama ziyarata ta uku a wurinku ke nan. “Dole a tabbatar da kowace magana ta bakin shaidu biyu ko uku.”” 2 Korintiyawa 13:1 (SRDK). “Amma in bai saurare ka ba, ka je tare da mutum ɗaya ko biyu, domin ‘a tabbatar da kowace magana a bakin shaidu biyu ko uku.’” Mattiyu 18:16 (SRDK). “Bereyawa kuwa sun fi Tessalonikawa hankali, gama sun karɓi saƙon da marmari ƙwarai, suka kuma yi ta yin bincike Nassosi kowace rana su ga ko abin da Bulus ya faɗa gaskiya ne.” Ayyukan Manzanni 17:11 (SRDK). “…amma ku gwada kome, ku riƙe abin da yake mai kyau…” 1 Tessalonikawa 5:21 (SRDK). ↩︎